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CALIFORNIA MIDWINTER INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION 



ALL ABOUT 



THE 



MIDWINTER MR 



SAN FRANCISCO 



AND INTERESTING FACTS 
CONCERNING 



CALIFORNIA 



TALIESIN EVANS 



PUBLISHED BY THE TRADE SUPPLIED BY 

W. B. BANCROFT & CO. THE SAN FRANCISCO NEWS CO. 

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., U. S. A. 



Copyright, 1894, W. B. BANCROJ i 




'evSTSX 



DRINK- 



. BOHEMIAN 



■_rf MOCHA-JAVA 
BLENDED 



,--' 



CLUB 
COFFEE 



AUTOCRAT OF THE BREAKFAST TABLE 

FLAVOR, UNIFORM QUALITY, STRENGTH 

ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE 
INSIST ON THIS BRAND 

Packed only in 1,21, and 5 lb. Cans— NEVER IN BULK 

Sold by all the Leading Grocers at 40 Cents per Pound 



(ii) 



AUTHOR'S PREFACE. 



(^, HE mission of All About the Midwinter Fair is to provide 
visitors to the California Midwinter International Exposi- 
tion of 1894 with a convenient and reliable guide to all places 
of interest within the Fair grounds and in San Francisco and 
its environs, and to furnish them with such information con- 
cerning the resources and attractions of the Golden State as 
will be of service to them while sojourning here and of interest 
to them, possibly, after returning to their homes. The information 
contained in it has been carefully prepared and it has been arranged 
in a way handy for ready reference. Strict attention has been given 
to conciseness as well as to correctness of statement, so that the 
reader may not be wearied by prolixity nor worried through being 
misled by erroneous information. The maps and illustrations 
included will be found instructive as well as useful. A com- 
prehensive index has also been provided, and the size and shape 
of the book have been made to fit the pocket without encumber- 
ing it. 

The visitor to the Midwinter Exposition will, therefore, find 
in All About the Midwinter Fair a friendly medium for the 
removal of most of the troublesome annoyances and perplexities 
which are liable to be encountered in his ramblings without its 
assistance. 

Residents of California will find within the covers of this 
handbook just such information concerning the State, San Fran- 
cisco and the Midwinter Fair as they would desire to communi- 
cate to their friends abroad, by whom it will, without doubt, be 
regarded as a very acceptable gift. 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



PAGE 

Art Institute 37 

Alcatraz 48 

Arts (Fine) Building 80 

Agricultural Building .... 70 

Administration Building ... 68 

Bird's-Eye View Fair 67 

Benicia Ferry Boat 26 

Baldwin Hotel 82 

Bird's-Eye View San Francisco, cover 

Bay Ferry Boat 27 

Basket of Trout 17 

Bell, Mission 3 

Buttress of El Capitan .... 11 

City Front 72 

California, Map of 1 

Chinese Vegetable Vender ... 42 

Chinese Restaurant 40 

Chinatown, Scene in 40 

Crocker Residence 36 

Chronicle Building 29 

Crocker Block 29 

California Poppies 8 

Camping Out 9 

Castle Crags 11 

Capitan, El 12 

California Trout Stream .... 16 

California Trout 17 

Chinese Opium Smoker .... 42 

Chinese Opium Den 43 

Chinese Joss House 43 

Cliff House 44 

California Ostriches 78 

California Hotel 28 

Children's Playground . . . .59 

Conservatory, Interior .... 62 

City Front 72 

Uragon Ply (tail piece) .... 23 

Deck of Solano 26 

De Young, M. H 69 

Drake's Cross 64 

.Eschscholtzias 8 

El Capitan 11 

Eagle's Nest (tail piece) .... 66 

Fine Arts Building 80 

Flood Residence 37 

Ferry Boat, Bay 27 

Ferry Boat, Largest 26 

First National Bank 31 

Front, City 72 

Golden Gate cover, 25, 48 

Guardians of the Gate .... -18 

Hibernia Bank 90 

Hotel Plea^anton 52 

Hotel, Baldwin c2 

Hotel, California 28 

Hotel, Typical Family 52 

Indians, Mission 2 

Interior Conservatory 62 



PAGE 

Kearny Street 63 

Largest Ferry Boat 26 

Liberal Arts Building 76 

Lick Observatory 15 

Looking Up Yosemite Valley . 13 
Manufacturers Building . . . 76 

Map of California viii 

Map North to Ukiah 96 

Map South to Monterey .... 94 

Mechanical Arts 74 

Mark Hopkins' Institute .... 37 
Market and Powell Streets ... 32 

Model Bank 31 

Mills Building 30 

Market Street, at Post 29 

Mission Bell 3 

Mission Indians 2 

Mission, San Antonio 2 

Mount Shasta 11 

Mount Shasta in Winter ... 14 

Mission Dolores 47 

Music Stand 56 

New California 28 

North Point 66 

Observatory, Lick 15 

Ostriches, California 78 

Ocean Beach 61 

Park Conservatory . . cover, 60, 62 

Park Scene 58 

Poppies, California 8 

Presidio Reservation ..... 46 

Pleasanton House 52 

Playground, Children's .... 59 

"Rocks, Seal cover, 44 

Reservation, Presidio 46 

Sutro Heights 61 

Sharon Playground 59 

Street Cars 54 

Seal Rocks cover, 44 

Stanford Residence 36 

San Antonio Mission 2 

Shasta ' 11 

Shasta in Winter 14 

Stage, Yosemite 11 

Stream, Trout 16 

Speckled Trout 17 

San Francisco Mission Church . 47 

Steamer Solano 26 

Solano, Ferry Boat 26 

Tail Pieces .... 23, 55, 66, 88, 92 

Trout Stream 16 

Trout 17 

Yosemite Stage 11 

Yosemite Valley 13 

View Looking North 30 

View of Kearny Street 63 

Winter. Shasta in 14 

Wild Flowers (tail piece) .... 55 
Water Scene (tail piece) ... 88 



iv) 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 

Academy of Sciences .... 32 

Adjacent Towns and Cities . . 48 

Administration Building . . 6 71 

Admission of California . ... 4 

Adult Blind, Industrial Home . . 15 

Agnews 14 

Agricultuial Building . ... 72 

Agricultural Products .... 4 

Alameda County Building . . 77 

Alameda, Population of .... 49 

Alcatraz 49 

Alcazar Theater 38 

American Occupation .... 4 

Amusements 38, 100 

Amphibia, Santa Barbara ... 75 

Angel Island 49 

Anne Hathaway's Cottage ... 78 

Art Association 39 

Art Building 73 

Asylums 14 

Aviary 71 

Baldwin Thealer 38 

Baseball Pitcher Statue . ... 63 

Bay Climate 51 

Bay Ferries 26 

Bay, San Francisco 47 

Bay, San Pablo 48 

Bay, Suisun 49 

Big Facts 17 

Big Farms 6 

Biggest Ferryboat in the World . 26 

Big Orchards 6 

Big Vineyards 6 

Boarding Houses 52 

Bohemian Club Coffee . . . . ii 

Boundaries Chinese Quarters . 42 

Boone's Arena 78 

Branch Postomces 35 

Brothers, Two . 48 

Buffalo Paddock 58 

Buildings, Fair 71 

Buildings, Notable 30 

Bureau, Hotel 52 

Bush Street Theater . . ... 38 

Byron Springs 94 

Cable Railroads 54 

Cabrillo's Voyage 1 

Cairo, Streets of 77 

California iii Autumn .... 10 

California Climate 7 

California in Midwinter . ... 8 

California in Spring 8 

California in Summer .... lo 

California's Floral Emblem . . . 8 

California Theater 38 

California, University of .... 15 

Car (street) Fares 54 

Carquinez Strait 26 

Cazadero 95 

Cemeteries 15 

Charges Side Shows 79 

Children's Park Playground . 39, 58 

Chinese Holidays 45 

Chinese (Quarters 10 

Chinese Restaurant n 

Chinese Theaters 88,42 

Chinese Pagoda 75 



PAGE 

Churches 39 

City and County Buildings ... 33 

Citv Hall 33 

Cliff House 45, 51 

Climate 7, 51 

Clubs 38 

Collections, Mineral, etc. ... 33 

Commissioners, County .... 82 

Commissioners, Foreign . . . . 84 

Commissioners, State 82 

Contents of the Park 57 

Consuls, Foreign 87 

Conservatory, Park 58 

Cost Fair Buildings 81 

Cost Park Improvements ... 58 

Curios 33 

Custom House 34 

Deaf Mute and Blind Asylum . 14 

Deer Park 58 

Del Monte 93 

Descalso Bros. '. 109 

Discovery of California .... 1 

Divisions, Meteorological ... 7 

Dolores, Mission 12, 51 

Drake's Landing 64 

Drake's Memorial 64 

Drives in San Francisco .... 50 

Early Fruits 5 

Electric Tower 75 

Entrances to Park 61 

Esquimaux Village 78 

Eschscholtzias 8 

Establishments, Mission .... 2 

Evening Bulletin 110 

Exhibits, Foreign 73 

Exposition Officers 69 

Exposition Grounds 71 

Fa'r Officers 69 

Fair Buildings, Cost of ... . 81 

Farm, Ostrich 78 

Farms, Big 6 

Fathers, Franciscan 2 

Fe/ries, Bay 26 

Ferry Landings 28 

Fine Arts Building 73 

Finest Drive in the World . . . 50 

Firth Wheel 77 

Flood Mansion 37 

Floral Emblem (State) .... 8 

Foreign Commissioners .... 84 

Foreign Consuls 87 

Foreign Exhibits 73 

Forts in the Hay 23 

Founding the Missions .... 2 

Franciscan Fathers 2 

French Library 89 

Free Library ". 39 

Free hist at Fair 79 

Friars, Franciscan 2 

Fruit Districts 5 

Fruit Growing > 

Gapie 15 

Game Seasons L5 

Garfield Monument 62 

Gate, Golden 23 

Gate Park, Gql'den 5: 

< rates <>f sun Franoisco 28 



( v) 



CONTENTS 



PAGE 

German Village 77 

Geysers 94 

Golden Gate 23 

Gold Mining 4 

Gold Product 4 

Grand Drive 50 

Ground Plan of Fair . . . . 98, 99 

Hack Fares 53 

Halleck Monument 62 

Hammam Baths 102 

Hawaiian Village 75 

Hawaiian Cyclorama 75 

Health Resorts 21 

Heidelburg Castle 77 

Heights, Sutro 51 

History of Exposition .... 71 
Horticultural Building .... 72 

Hotel Bureau 52 

Hotels 52 

Houses, Boarding, etc 52 

How to Get to the Park .... 57 
How to Get to the Springs ... 21 
How to Get to the Resorts ... 21 

Hydraulic Mining 4 

Improvements, Park 58 

Indians, Mission 2 

Industrial Home Adult Blind . 15 

Inside Quadrangle 75 

Interesting Collections .... 33 

Itineraries 93 

Jack Rabbit Hunting .... 15 

Japanese Village 77 

Junipero Serra 2 

Kern&Eibach 103 

Klinkner&Co.,C. A 103 

I.assen Buttes 13 

Leland Stanford, Jr., University . 14 
Libraries, San Francisco .... 39 
Liberal Arts Building .... 72 

Lick Observatory 14 

Lighthouses, San Francisco . . 23 

Lighthouse Station 49 

Manufacturers' Building .... 71 
Market Street, San Francisco . . 28 
Mark Hopkins Institute of Art . 37 

Marshall's Discovery 4 

Masonic Temple 31 

Memorial Cross 1, 64 

Mendocino, Named After . . . . 1 

Metropolitan Artery 28 

Michels, Wand & Co HI 

Midwinter Fair Buildings ... 71 
Midwinter Fair Grounds . . 98, 99 
Midwinter Fair, Origin of ... 71 
Military Reservations .... 45 

Mills Building 31 

Mineral Springs 13,21 

Mining Camp 7? 

Mission Dolores . . 47 

Mission Indians 2 

Missions of California .... 2 
Montague & Co., W. W. . back cover 

Monterey Building 75 

Montenegro 77 

Monuments, Park 62 

Mountain Scenery 10 

Mount Diablo H 

Mount Shasta 10 

Mount St. Helena 11 

Mount Tamalpais 11 

Mount Whitney 11 

Moorish Maze 78 

Municipal Buildings 33 

Napa Soda Springs 94 

Native Tribes 2 

Natural Wonders 13 

Needles 8 

Neighboring? Towns 49 

Northern California 77 



PAGE 

Notable Buildings 30 

Oakland 48 

Oakland Creek 27 

Oakland's Population .... 49 

Observatory, Lick 14 

Odd Fellows' Hall 33 

Officers' Exposition 69 

Olive Culture 5 

Orange Culture 6 

Orchards, Big 6 

Origin California 1 

Origin Midwinter Fair .... 71 
Ostrich Farm ........ 78 

Outside Quadrangle 75 

Pagoda, Chinese ..*... 75 

Park, Area of 57 

Park Conservatory 58 

Park Entrances 61 

Park Improvements, Cost of . . 58 

Park Monuments 62 

Paraiso Springs . 94 

Paso Robles Springs 94 

Peaks, Mission . -. - 49 

Phelps & Dayton 107 

Picturesque Russian River . . 97 

Pioneer Building 32 

Places Easy to Visit 93 

Population Alameda 49 

Population Berkeley 49 

Population Oakland 49 

Population San Francisco ... 24 

Popular Resorts 21 

Postoffices 34 

Prater, Vienna 75 

Presidio 45 

Production of Gold 4 

Products, Agricultural .... 4 
Products, Horticultural .... 5 
Providence Savings Life ... 102 

Prune Districts . 5 

Public Libraries 39 

Public Institutions (Citv) ... 33 
Public Institutions (Federal) . . 34 
Public Institutions (State) . . . 14 

Quadrangle, Inside 75 

Quadrangle, Outside 75 

Que retaro, Treaty of 4 

Kailroads, Street 54 

Raisin Districts 6 

Report, Daily 106 

Resorts and Springs 21 

Rocks, Seal . 45 

Roumania . 77 

Russian River Valley 95 

Ryder, Mrs. Ill 

Salmon Fishing in the Sea . . 16 

San Antonio Creek 27 

San Francisco 23 

San Francisco Amusements . . 38 
San Francisco at Night .... 49 

San Francisco Bay 47 

San Francisco Climate .... 51 
San Francisco Commerce .... 25 
San Francisco Hack Fares ... 53 

San Francisco Hotels 52 

San Francisco Postoffices ... 34 
San Francisco Surroundings . . 47 

San Gorgonio Pass 8 

San Pablo Bay 48 

Santa Barbara Amphibia . ... 75 

Santa Clara Building 75 

Scenery 10 

Scenic Railway 77 

School of Elocution 104 

Scott Key Monument .... 63 

Seal Rocks 45 

Seasons 7 

Servia 77 

Shasta 10 



CONTENTS 



PAGE 

Side Shows 79 

Sioux Village 78 

Sleigh Ride 93 

Social Clubs 38 

Soldiers' Home 49 

Southern California Building . . 77 

Spanish Names 89 

Space for Foreign Exhibits . . 73 

Spaulding & Co., J 108 

Special Celebrations 85 

Stanford University 14 

Stanford's Benefactions .... 6 

Starr King Monument .... 66 

State Floral Emblem 9 

State Institutions 14 

State Prisons 14 

State University 14 

Strawberry Hill 6' 

Street-Car Fares 53 

Street Railroads 53 

Streets of Cairo 77 

Suisun Bay 48 

Sunday at Fair 87 

Sutro Heights 51 

Taber Photographic Co 101 

Tehachape 8 

Torpedo Station 49 

Tower, Electric 75 



PAGE 

Transfers, Street-Car 54 

Travelers' Bureau .... cover 

Trolling for Salmon 16 

Trout Fishing 16 

Trout Streams 16 

Two Brothers 48 

Union Photo-Engraving Co. . 112 
United States Buildings ... 34 
United States Appraisers' Stores . 34 

United States Courts 34 

United States Mint 34 

United States Treasury .... 35 
University of California .... 15 

Ukiah 97 

Veteran's Home 49 

Views from San Francisco ... 48 
Vineyard, Largest in the World . 6 

Vineyards, Big 6 

Vienna Prater 75 

Waters, R. J 109 

What the Park Contains . . . . 57 

Wine Districts 6 

Wonder 105 

Wonders of California .... 13 

Yerba Buena County 45 

Yerba Buena Island 49 

Yosemite Valley 11, 95 

Yountville Veterans' Home . . 49 





MAP OF CALIFORNIA 



CALIFORNIA : 

The I/and of the Golden Sunset. 






Origin of California— 

The origin of California — the name of the Golden Sunset State 
— is obscure and uncertain. It was first applied in a Spanish 
romance, published in the sixteenth century, to an imaginary 
island in the Pacific Ocean. It was afterward attached by the 
Spaniards to the peninsula lying between the Gulf of California 
and the main body of the Pacific, now known as Lower Cali- 
fornia, which they found in their voyages of discovery during 
the time of Cortez. It was officially adopted in the State Con- 
stitution, framed, ratified and put into effect in 1849, nearly a 
year before Congress regularly admitted the State into the Union 
under the Act of September 9, 1850. 

Discovery of California — 

The Midwinter International Exposition of 1894 gives the 
visitor from abroad an opportunity to study California in a way 
that has never before been offered, under new and favorable con- 
ditions. At all times in its history this land of the Golden Sunset 
has been surrounded by a halo of romance. Cortez's explorations 
of the Gulf of California and the territory adjacent to it first ex- 
cited the human imagination concerning the terra incognito lying 
farther north. The honor of its discovery rests, however, with 
Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, a Portuguese navigator, who made a 
voyage along its shores in 1542 in the service of the Spanish 
Viceroy de Mendoza, and in whose honor Cape Mendocino, the 
most westerly headland on its coast, was named by the voyager. 
But Sir Francis Drake is believed to have been the first European 
to set foot on the shores of California. He is supposed to have 
landed at what has since been called Drake's Bay, near Point 
Reyes, in 1579. At the same time and place the first Christian 
service held on California soil was rendered by the Chaplain of 
Drake's flagship, and in commemoration of this event a massive 
granite memorial cross is being erected at Golden Gate Park, near 
the site of the Midwinter Exposition. 

(1) 



2 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

The Mission Era— 

In 1769 the San Francisco friars, under the leadership of 
Father Junipero Serra, began the foundation of the California 
missions by the planting of the first establishment at San Diego. 
During the fifty-four years following they founded twenty other 




SAN ANTONIO MISSION 



institutions of the same order at various points between San 
Diego and Sonoma. Following is a complete list of the Cali- 
fornia missions and the date of their establishment : San Diego, 
1769; San Carlos, 1770 ; San Gabriel and San Antonio. 1771 ; San 




MISSION INDIANS 



Luis Obispo, 1772 ; San Francisco (Mission Dolores) and San 
Juan Capistrano, 1776 ; Santa Clara, 1777 ; San Buenaventura, 
1782 ; Santa Barbara, 1786 ; Purissima, 1787 ; Soledad, 1791 ; San 
Fernando, San Miguel, San Bautista, Santa Cruz and San Jose, 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSE1 3 

1797; San Luis Rey, 1798; Santa Inez, 1804; San Rafael, 1817; 
Sonoma, 1823. Many of these mission churches are now in ruins. 
Some of them have been repaired and partially restored in recent 
times, so as to fit them for re-occupation. They were originally 
designed as places of worship for the use of the native tribes 
which were then numerous, but living in a state of barbar- 
ism and spiritual darkness, and for whose conversion to Chris- 
tianity the Franciscan friars devoted their lives. The civilizing 




MTSvSION BEr<i, 



influences thus brought to bear upon the Indians of California 
had, however, much the same effect upon them as such influ- 
ences have had on the native races elsewhere on this continent, 
for their decline has been coincident with the decay of the 
churches erected for their benefit, and only a few of them are 
now to be found at any of Hie missions. At some of the old mis- 
sion establ.^hments they have disappeared altogether, and many 



4 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

of the mission churches which have been partially restored are 
now being used for worship by those who have succeeded them as 
occupan'cs of the soil. 

American Occupation- 

In 1846 the American flag was raised at Monterey by Commo- 
dore Sloat, as a token of the occupation of the country by the 
United States. In 1848, at the conclusion of peace by the sign- 
ing of the Treaty of Queretaro, Mexico formally ceded the terri- 
tory now including the State of California to the United States. 
The same year, but at an earlier date, to-wit : on the 19th of 
January, John W. Marshall discovered gold at Sutter's Mill at 
Coloma, which brought the new territory into greater prominence 
than ever, resulting the following year in one of the most notable 
gold excitements which the world has ever witnessed. It is said 
that eighty thousand immigrants came to California in 1849, m ost 
of whom at once engaged in mining the rich gold placers, which 
extended over an area of about ten thousand square miles. 

Gold Mining- 
Gold mining has been prosecuted in California ever since 
Marshall's discovery was made, and although now occupying 
only a secondary place in the resources of the State, it yields 
annually from $15,000,000 to $20,000,000, and it has contributed 
to the world's wealth up to date the enormous sum of $1,300,000,- 
000. The shallower placers have, of course, been exhausted long 
ago, and for over ten years the working of the deep-gravel de- 
posits by the hydraulic process (a method of mining peculiar to 
the State) was nearly totally suspended by operation of law. 
Recent action by Congress providing for the impounding of the 
vast quantities of detritus which this process of mining releases 
and discharges into the beds of the navigable streams, has, how- 
ever, made the resumption of hydraulic mining possible, and 
visitors to the Midwinter Exposition have abundant opportunity 
in the mining districts, in the northern part of the State, to wit- 
ness this interesting industry, while exhibits of all the appliances 
employed in it are to be found in the Mining Department of the 
Fair. Just at present there is a great revival in progress also in 
gold quartz mining and many important developments have been 
the result. The visitor to the Midwinter Fair will find in the 
Mining section a display of the resources of the State in this re- 
spect and of other minerals found and profitably worked in the 
State, finer than has ever before been attempted in any country. 

Agricultural Products — 

The real development of California has occurred since the 
discovery of gold and through the agency of its fertile soil and 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 5 

genial climate. During the Mexican regime, and for the first two 
years of the American occupation, it was strictly a pastoral terri- 
tory, its broad valleys and the sunny slopes of its mountain 
ranges being the pasturage of great herds of Spanish cattle, 
whose hides, tallow and horns constituted the chief articles of 
export. The great herds of Spanish cattle and the flocks of 
Merino sheep which suceeeded them have long ago passed away, 
and for over twenty years past the State has been one of the 
largest wheat exporters in the world, the surplus products of its 
grain fields being shipped to feed the hungry millions of Great 
Britain and Continental Kurope. But in recent years the horti- 
cultural and viticultural resources of the State have stepped to 
the front, eclipsing all others in value and variety. The horti- 
cultural products embrace, as is shown in the Agricultural and 
Horticultural Building at the Fair, all the varied range common 
to both the temperate and semi-tropical zones, soil and climate 
being equally favorable for their perfect development, and that 
in the greatest profusion. These fruits are shipped in the fresh 
and in the cured state in large quantities by rail and by sea to the 
Eastern and interior States and abroad, commanding special 
attention and good prices in the markets where sold, owing to 
their early development and superior quality. 

Early Fruits— 

A better conception of the adaptability of soil and climate 
to fruit culture may be obtained possibly from the fact that, with 
a brief interim of about six weeks in the beginning of the year, 
strawberries grown in the open air without the agency of any 
" forcing' ' medium, are purchasable in the markets the year 
round. In favored districts, north of San Francisco, ripe cher- 
ries have been shipped before the end of March ; apricots at the 
end of April ; peaches before the middle of May ; apples and 
cherry plums following a few days later ; figs at the end of May, 
and grapes before the close of June. And when the greater part 
of the United States is locked in ice and buried under a sheet of 
snow, this Western land of perennial sunshine and endless sum- 
mer is placing in the markets of Eastern cities train-loads of 
golden fruit from its orange groves. Fruit growing has, natur- 
ally, become one of the chief industries of the State, and it is 
estimated that a capital of over $20,000,000 is actually invested 
in its orchards. 

District Specialties- 
Many districts in the State are devoted to the cultivation of 
special classes of fruit. For instance, prune growing is the chief 
orchard industry of the Santa Clara Valley. The principal cherry 
orchards of the State are in Alameda County, only an horn's ride 



6 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

from San Francisco. Apricots are made a specialty in the Vaca 
district. Fresno, Tulare and other counties in the San Joaquin 
Valley ; Woodland and Winters in Yolo County ; Auburn in 
Placer County and some sections of the southern part of the State 
constitute the raisin districts. The chief wine districts are in 
Napa, Sonoma, Alameda, Santa Clara, Sacramento, Tehama, 
Yolo, Fresno and L,os Angeles Counties. The vintages of Liver- 
more Valley in Alameda County have carried off some of the chief 
prizes in the Paris and Chicago Expositions, and the products of 
all the wine districts of California are in great favor in the East- 
ern States and in England, France and Germany. Olive culture 
finds a home in Santa Barbara, San Diego and Placer Counties, 
in each of which districts large tracts of land are devoted to the 
production of the fruit for oil making and pickling purposes. 

Big Orchards, Vineyards aud Farms — 

The State is famous for its big orchards, vineyards and farms, 
The great Glenn wheat ranch embraces almost an entire county 
comprising between fifty and sixty thousand acres cultivated to 
cereals. The largest apple orchard in the world is at Novato, 
Sonoma County, and covers six hundred acres. The largest vine- 
yard in the world is at Vina, Tehama County, comprising four 
thousand acres, and the next largest, the Natoma, near Folsom. 
The Vina ranch, of which the vineyard is a part, comprises fifty- 
five thousand acres of land which the late Senator Leland Stan- 
ford dedicated, in conjunction with the Gridley wheat ranch, 
embracing twenty-one thousand acres in Butte County, and the 
Palo Alto stock farm, consisting of seventy-three hundred acres 
ill San Mateo County, and constituting the largest horse farm in 
the world, to the cause of higher education as represented in the 
Leland Stanford, Jr., University which is located thirty-three 
miles south of San Francisco. The largest fruit orchards in the 
State are those of General Bidwell of Chico, consisting of sixty- 
five thousand two hundred and fifty trees. Some districts are 
devoted to the raising of early vegetables for home consumption 
and shipment east and Santa Clara County supplies the entire 
United States with onion seed. The latter county has really the 
largest seed farms in the world, producing one-half the world's 
supply, shipping over three hundred tons annually, mostly to 
Europe. 

Citrus Culture- 
Contrary to popular impression abroad, citrus culture is not 
confined to the southern counties. Much of the region north of 
the Tehachepi Range is quite as well adapted for that purpose as 
the most favored localities in the south-land, the lime, lemon and 
orange flourishing there equally well. As a matter of fact and 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 7 

worth recording here, the earliest California oranges marketed 
are produced by the groves of the northern counties— at Oroville, 
Thermalito, Palermo, Newcastle, Winters and Vacaville. All of 
these places are north of San Francisco and some of them are 
situated in the foothills of the Sierra. In each of these places, 
the orange ripens three and four weeks earlier than it does in any 
part of the southern counties ; and for size and quality the oranges 
of the northern groves have proven superior when brought into 
direct competition at the Citrus Fairs with those produced at 
Riverside and other southern orange districts. 

California Climate- 
It goes without saying, of course, that a State which yields 
prolifically such varied agricultural products must be possessed 
of an exceptionally mild climate. California comprises an area 
of 156,591 square miles of territory which extends through ten 
and one-half degrees of latitude, but the climate is practically 
isothermal throughout the greater part of it. The temperature 
the year round of the great central basin of the State, embracing 
the Sacramento and San Joaquin and tributary valleys, extending 
from the latitude of Santa Barbara to the base of Mount Shasta 
and comprising nearly one-third of the area of the State, is very 
similar to that prevailing in the southern counties. Over a vast 
area of this great basin, frost and snow are, in fact, unknown. 
The greater part of it possesses some meteorological advantages 
over the southern counties, in the fact that the annual rainfall is 
heavier and irrigation for the production of crops, whether they 
be fruits or grain, is unnecessary. 

Meteorological Subdivision— 

The vState may be very fairly divided into three meteorological 
subdivisions: the coast district, comprising the territory lying 
between the summit of the coast ranges and sea which is some- 
what humid and cool owing to the prevalence of fogs and prox- 
imity to the ocean ; the central district, which may be embraced 
between two parallel lines following the summit of the inner 
Coast Range on the west and a corresponding elevation along the 
flank of the Sierra foothills on the east, from the foot of Shasta 
to the L,ower California boundary line ; and the mountain region 
comprised within the higher altitudes of the Sierra Nevada and 
other ranges lying within the snow and frost lines. But the area 
of the latter district is comparatively limited, and in the greater 
part of the State there are in reality only two seasons of the year 
— the wet and the dry. The former sets in usually in November 
and closes beginning of Maw During the rest of the year rain 
very rarely falls in any part of the State. 



8 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



California in Midwinter 

There can be nothing more charming to the eye of the sight- 
seeing tonrist than a California midwinter landscape, unless it be 
the same landscape in the spring. The hills and valleys are 
clothed with verdure brought forth by the early winter rains and 
furnishing abundant nutritious feed to the herds of fattening kine 
browsing upon them. The air is fragrant and fresh and vibrates 
with the twittering of the feathered tribe, while the purified 
atmosphere seems to give a clearer and longer perspective to the 
vision. If the tourist enters the State by either of the northern 
routes, the sudden change from the frost-bound realms of the 
storm and snow king into verdure-clad valleys and mountain 
ranges, is like an unexpected transition into Paradise ; if the 
entrance be made through either of the southern portals — by way 
of the Needles and Tehachepi Pass, or by way of Fort Yuma and 
San Gorgonio Pass, the effect of the change from the monotonous 




CALIFORNIA POPPIES 

desolation of the desert to a land of luxuriance is the same. 
Reports of the richness of California's soil, the geniality of its 
climate and the grandeur and picturesqueness of its scenery may 
have been listened to heretofore with a strong suspicion lurking 
in the mind that the narrative was highly flavored with romance; 
but the testimony of the vision dispels the notion of fairy tales 
and they promptly assume the shape and status of glorious real- 
ities to the enchanted senses. 



California in Spring- — 

But notwithstanding all the varied beauty of an average mid- 
winter, the greater glory of California is manifested with the 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 9 

coming of Spring. It is then that the wild flowers, many-hued 
and fragrant, begin to unfold, bedecking every valley, mountain 
slope and wooded height with a gorgeous garment of many colors. 
Conspicuous among this varied floral group is the California 
poppy or eschscholtzia which, by common consent, has been 
adopted as the floral emblem of the State. This brilliant flower 
decorates meadow and mountain with great masses of gold and 
orange. The dainty green foliage of the manzanita and the ruddy 
tints of its flaming and distorted branches are smothered under 
a crown of delicate pink and white blossoms. The orchards 
burst forth in full bloom. The carefully pruned vineyards are 




CAMPING OUT 



again in leaf. The dark pine forests take on a new and brighter 
color ; the tiger lily springs from its cover, and the tender blades of 
the growing grain leap from the brown earth as soon as it is 
deserted by the plow-boy and the narrower, quickly hiding it 
under an emerald mantle of wondrous richness. This is the 
aspect of nature as it is viewed by the tonrist in California fresh 
from the reading of accounts of havoc and death waged by 
blizzards in the great Northwest, of t lie- damaging effects of frost 



10 ALL ABOUT THE MLDWLNTER FAIR 

and flood and gale along the Atlantic seaboard and of the devas- 
tating work of cyclones and tornadoes throughout the central and 
southern group of States, 

California in Summer — 

Summer comes to California full grown at the close of the 
rainy season. It is the season of ripening. The verdure disap- 
pears from the face of the land with the same magical accelera- 
tion which brought it into being. The corrollas of the floral host 
wither and drop, and pod and petal and stalk shrivel under the 
heat of the sun. The grain fields whiten, ready for the harvester. 
The green pastures are tiirned to russet, and the beaded head of 
the wild oat grows gray. The fruits of orchard and vineyard 
mature and mellow; and every hand that has the strength to 
gather the harvest can find employment, and every available 
beast of burden and vehicle is required to transport it to market. 
This is the season when the toiling dwellers in cities and towns 
seek repose and recreation by camping out in secluded nooks and 
corners in the Coast Ranges and in the higher altitudes of the 
Sierra. 

California in Antunin — 

Then comes Autumn " crowned with the sickle and the 
wheaten sheaf," the most benignant season of the year. Calm, 
placid, tender and genial, it follows in the wake of Summer and 
lingers long in what would elsewhere be the lap of Winter. The 
cool ocean trade winds have died out, and the fierceness has 
passed out of the sun's rays. The hum of the vine press is heard 
through the land and the rich vintage is flowing into the vats. 
The later fruits are ripe for the gatherer, and the groves of the 
Hesperides are preparing to yield their golden apples. Autumn 
frequently prolongs its stay in California to "ring out the old 
year and to ring in the new/' 

Mountain Scenery — 

California excels in mountain scenery, and it contains some 
of the most interesting high peaks on the continent. The fame 
of Mt. Shasta, the silent, snow-capped sentinel of the north, 
which elevates its cone-like head into the air 14,442 feet above the 
sea-level, is world-wide, and its neighbor — Castle Crags — 
although much inferior in height, has of late years attracted 
much of the attention of tourists, owing to its exceptional beauty 
and its picturesque surroundings. " Old Baldy," as Mt. San 
Bernardino is familiarly called, serves a similar purpose in the 
south to that of Shasta in the north, as it guards the southern 
gate to the State, rising in imposing grandeur above all its fel- 
lows in the Sierra Madre. About midway between these two 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN b UNSET 11 

peaks is Mt. Whitney, the monarch of the Sierra Nevada, 14,887 
feet above the level of the sea, and constituting the highest eleva- 
tion in the State. It stands in Inyo County, and is becoming 
famous as the source whence some of the finest marble obtained in 
California is quarried. Interesting peaks near San Francisco, 
well worthy the attention of tourists, are Mt. Diablo, standing in 
the heart of the inner Coast Range, twenty miles east of San 





SHASTA AND CASTI3 CRAGS 

Francisco, plainly visible on a clear day, and from whose summit 
one of the finest views obtainable on the continent is brought 
within the range of vision, and Mt. St. Helena in Napa County, 
less than fifty miles due north of San Francisco. A fine view of 
land and sea is also obtainable on a clear day from the summit of 
Mt. Tamalpais, which is only a few miles' walk from the neigh - 




A YOSKMlTlv STAGE 

boring town of Sansalito, and it is easy of access at all seasons. 
But the Mountain Mecca of all tourists in California is the Yose- 
mite Valley, situated in the heart of the Sierra Nevada, and 
reached from San Francisco by rail and stage in less than two 
days, and at a cost of less than $100 for the round trip. The ride 
by stage — the old-fashioned means of transportation still in VOgUe 



12 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



in many parts of the State, especially to many of the more popu- 
lar resorts — is exceedingly interesting, the road passing, no mat- 
ter which of the two routes into the valley is selected, through a 
wild and romantic region and giving the astonished tourist an 
opportunity of seeing those forest wonders, the giant Sequoias, 
and occasional glimpses here and there of the fascinating industry 
of gold mining in its varied forms. The Yosemite contains some 
of the most wonderful natural phenomena on the face of the 




THE) BUTTRESS OF Ely CAPITAN 



globe. The stupendous granite cliffs, walling in the great gorge 
and rising vertically from one-half to three-quarters of a mile 
high from the floor of the valley, are supported by buttressed 
domes and adorned with waterfalls of incomparable beauty, some 
of which have a clear, unbroken descent of nearly a thousand feet 
over the face of the cliff. A view up the great valley from 
Inspiration Point is one of the grandest ever enjoyed by the 
human eye. 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 13 

The region of Lassen Buttes in the northeastern corner of the 
State is full of natural wonders, but it is seldom visited by tour- 
ists for the reason that it is remote from railroad communication 
and difficult to reach by other means of transportation. In the 
summer season the summit of Shasta tempts the courage and 
endurance of the tourist. 

Natural Wonders — 

The State is full of natural wonders of interest to the "Eastern 
tourist. Mineral springs without number, hot and cold, some 




ROOKING TIP YOSKMITE VAIJ y KY 



suggestive of the realms above and others of the regions below; 
petrified forests, geysers and mammoth redwoods arc within easy 
distance and accessible at trifling cost. Many of the mineral 
springs contain medicinal properties of great value, and a large 

number of them have in consequence developed into popular 

resorts. 



14 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTEP FAIR 

Interesting State Institutions- 
Tourists interested in* the inspection of educational, penal, 
humane and scientific institutions can indulge their taste at trifling 
expense and with little loss of time during their visit to San 
Francisco. The University of California is located at Berkeley, 
three-quarters of an hour's ride by ferryboat and rail ; the Leland 
Stanford Jr. University, constituting one of the most unique and 
handsome groups of collegiate buildings in the United States, is 
less than an hour's ride by rail. Lick Observatory, the gift of 
the late James Lick to astronomical science, can be reached by 
rail and stage in a few hours, as it is located twenty-six miles east 
of San Jose, whence it may be seen, on the summit of Mount 
Hamilton. This observatory contains, of course, the largest 




MOUNT SHASTA IN WINTER 

achromatic telescope in existence, the big lens having a diameter 
of thirty-six inches in the clear. Many discoveries of interest to 
astronomers, among them a fifth moon in the system of Jupiter, 
have been made at this observatory. At Agnews, also adjacent 
to San Jose, is an asylum for the insane ; another is situated at 
Napa, and a third at Ukiah, Mendocino County. The student of 
penology may look into the California system at San Quentin, an 
hour's ride by ferryboat and rail from San Francisco, or at Fol- 
som, Sacramento County, w T here he will also see one of the finest 
dams constructed in the United States for the development of 
power. The education of the deaf and dumb and blind is exem- 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 15 

plified at the institution devoted to that purpose at Berkeley, ad- 
jacent to the University of California, and an Industrial Home 
for the Adult Blind is maintained by the State at Oakland. 



Game — 

The sportsman 
may indulge his 
love of the chase 
to his heart's con- 
tent in almost any 
line of game he 
may desire. Of 
course the larger 
game, such as the 
grizzly and cinna- 
mon bear, are 
found only in the 
fastnesses of the 
higher Sierras. 
Deer is plentiful 
in all of the moun 
tain districts. 
Hares, or jackrab- 
bits, are so numer- 
ous in the San 
Joaquin Valley 
that they have be- 
come intolerable 
pests and are 
slaughtered by 
tens of thousands 
yearly by driving 
them in droves 
into pens erected 
for the purpose. 
Cottontail rabbits 
and quail are plen- 
tiful in almost all 
the hills. During 
the winter months 
the marshes and 
rivers furnish good 
duck hunting and 
the plains of the 
upper Sacramento and its tributaries furnish fine sport in the 
way of wild geese. Under the State law the game season is open 
as follows: For deer, from September ist to October 15th; quail, 




16 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



from September ist to March ist ; doves, from August ist to 
March ist ; wild duck, from September ist to March ist. In 
some of the counties the deer season begins in the month of July. 

Fishing— 

The State is famous among the followers of Isaac Walton for 
its fine fishing grounds. Trolling for salmon is a favorite pastime 
at certain seasons of the year in Monterey Bay, the only place in 
the open ocean in the world where this gamey fish is taken in 
salt water by means of a line. Almost every stream in the State is 




A CALIFORNIA TROUT STREAM 

stocked more or less abundantly with trout, affording fine sport 
for the angler, while many of the lakes teem with whitefish and 
speckled beauties. There are a great many good trout streams 
adjacent to San Francisco, but the best fishing and the largest 
fish are obtainable in the waters of the upper Sacramento and its 
tributaries. This State is the home of several species of trout 
not found elsewhere, and many of its streams and bays in late 
years have been stocked with the best game and food fishes of 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 17 

Eastern waters. Visitors to the Midwinter Fair may test their 
skill as anglers in California streams and lakes, as the season 
begins April ist and closes November ist. 

Big Facts in Short Dress- 
California is larger than all the New England States, New 

York, New Jersey, Delaware and Maryland combined. 

Railroads penetrate all the counties in the State except 

Modoc, Plumas, Lake, Tuolumne, Mariposa, Alpine, Trinity, 

Humboldt and Del Norte, and most of them will have railroad 

connection in a few years no doubt. 




SPECKLED BEAUTIES 



Monterey Bay contains a greater variety of fish than any 
other locality known, over 150 species being reported. 

A squash weighing 283 pounds and measuring four feet in 
diameter is the largest recorded in the State. 

There are over 3,000 artesian wells in the State. 

Fourteen thousand gallons of olive oil and twelve tons of 
pickled olives is the record made in one season by a San Diego 
olive orchard. 

Thirty cities and villages, in which one-half of the popula- 
tion of the State dwell, can be counted from the summit of Mt. 
Diablo. 

The largest peach orchard in the State IS near Yuba City, 
and it contains 575 acres. 



18 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

Knight's Ferry, Stanislaus County, boasts of the finest and 
oldest fig orchard in the State, the trees in which are upwards of 
thirty years old. 

The Alvarado, Alameda County, beet-sugar factory was the 
first refinery of the kind in the United States. 

The first American flag raised in California was that which 
General Fremont raised on Fremont's Peak, overlooking the 
towns of Hollister and San Juan de Bautista, more generally 
known as San Juan South. 

The copper used in the construction of the cruiser Charleston 
came from a Campo Seco, Calaveras County, mine. 

Santa Barbara raises more pampas-grass plumes than any 
other place in the United States. 

Vina vineyard contains 3,500,000 vines. 

The longest lumber flume in the State is in Madera County, 
extending from above Fresno Flats to Madera, and it is sixty miles 
long. 

Fresno County produces over one-half the raisin crop of the 
State. 

San Francisco never had but one genuine snowstorm in the 
memory of any one living, and that occurred December 31, 1882, 
when the snow fell about three inches deep and remained on the 
ground twenty-four hours. 

The first pig tin ever produced in the United States was from 
the Temescal mines, and consisted of 207 pigs, or 12,000 pounds. 

The first railroad constructed in this State was in 1854, from 
Sacramento to Folsom, twenty-two miles. 

The first street car cable line ever constructed was on Clay 
street, San Francisco. 

The Sacramento is the longest river in the State, being 400 
miles from its source in Goose Lake. The San Joaquin is 350 
miles ; Klamath, 275 miles , Feather, 250 miles ; Kern, 125 miles. 

The largest cantilever bridge in the United States is at The 
Needles, San Bernardino County, over the Colorado River. Its 
length of span is 360 feet. 

Fresno has produced a sweet potato weighing 44^ pounds. 

Sacramento is the largest producer of hops of any county in 
the United States. 

The first shipment of wines to France was in 1891, from Napa 
County, consisting of 800 puncheons. 

English wine merchants now send special buyers to California 
to supply their cellars. 

The first raisins marketed in this State were from Marseilles 
Valley, Butte County, in 1864. The first carload sent Bast was by- 
J. P. Whitney, of Rocklin, Placer County, in 1874. 

The Mariposa Big Tree Grove has 427 big trees. The largest 
is thirty-four feet in diameter. Through a tunnel or hole cut in 
one a four-horse stage is driven daily. 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 19 

San Francisco has more miles of cable street car lines than 
any other city in the world. About 120 miles are in operation. 

The largest sequoia tree in circumference is in Tulare County, 
given by United States surveyors at 109 feet. The tallest is the 
" Keystone," in Calaveras, being 365 feet high. 

The first olive trees planted in this State were at San Diego, 
in 1769. They are still producing fruit. 

The largest Irish potato reported last year was from San 
Luis Obispo County. It was forty-six inches long and weighed 
thirteen pounds. 

The tallest cornstalk ever reported was raised near Anaheim, 
LostAngeles County. It was thirty-six feet high. 

The oldest flouring mill now running is at Valley Ford, 
Sonoma County. It was started in 1853. 

The oldest settlement in the northern part of the State was 
by the Russians, who built Fort Ross, Sonoma County, in 181 1. 

The only antimony mines in operation in America are in N 
San Benito County. 

It is claimed that Sierra has produced more gold than any 
other county in the State. 

Kern County has the most extensive system of irrigating canals 
under one ownership in the United States. The largest canal is 
32 miles long, 100 feet wide, banks 8 feet high, with 65 distribu- 
ting ditches 150 miles long. 

The first printing press used in California was at Monterey 
in 1834. 

The largest flouring mill in the State is at Crockett, Contra 
Costa County, with a capacity of 6,000 barrels a day. 

Forestville, Sonoma County, has a chair factory now in opera- 
tion which was established thirty-seven years ago, and has made 
over half a million chairs. 

California is the only country using the combined harvesters 
run by a traction engine, cutting a swathe forty feet wide, and 
threshing and sacking grain as it proceeds. 

San Bernardino produces more oranges than any other county 
in the United States. 

San Bernardino is the largest county in the United States, 
covering 21,172 square miles. 

San Diego leads every county in the United States in the 
production of honey. One bee-owner has 6,000 hives. 

The only bnhach ( pyrethrnm ) plantation in America is 
located near Atwater, Merced County, consisting of 300 acres. 

Ventura County is the largest producer of Lima beans in the 
world. 

Tehama County raises 1,000,000 pounds of peanuts annually. 

Bakersfield, Kern County, has produced an orange clingstone 
peach measuring fourteen inches in circumference and weighing 
twenty-three ounces. 



20 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

Sacramento is the largest shipper of green fruits, hops and 
vegetables of any point in the State. 

San Juan Capistrano, Orange County, raised a water-melon 
weighing 150 pounds, and measuring five feet six inches in length 
and four feet nine inches in circumference. 

The first religious services held in this State was on June 17, 
1579, near Point Reyes, Marin County, by Sir Francis Drake's 
chaplain. 

Stockton's Courthouse is the only one in the United States 
that is lighted and warmed by natural gas from its own gas well, 
and also supplied with artesian water. 

The largest money check ever drawn in the United States was 
one for $xo, 000, 000 on the Bank of Nevada. 

The oldest paper mill in the State is at Taylorville, Marin 
County. It was established in 1853, and is still in operation. 

The average annual income of every farmer in Sutter County 
is about $3,000, and the averaged assessed property is about $2,000 
to each voter. 

Inyo County has credit for producing two-thirds of the total 
silver product of the State. 

Near Templeton, San Luis Obispo County, is the largest bear- 
ing prune orchard in America of 22,000 trees. 

The oldest water-power sawmill is in Mill Valley, Marin 
County. It was erected in 1834 and is now standing. 

Santa Clara has more acres in fruits and vines than any other 
county in the State . 

The largest orange tree in the State is at Campo Seco, Cala- 
veras County, and it is now 33 years old. Its oranges often take 
premium at fairs. 

The largest nugget of gold ever found in the United States 
was at Carson Hill, Calaveras County, November, 1851. It weighed 
195 pounds Troy and was valued at $43,534. 

Stockton is the largest manufacturing city outside of San Fran- 
cisco, and the factories are run by natural gas from gas wells 
costing from $2,000 to $io 7 ooo. 

At Cave City, Calaveras County, is found one of those pecu- 
liar habitations used by primitive man in which are the moulder- 
ing bones of unknown ages. 

Sonoma has more grape-vines and pear trees than any other 
county in California. 

The most extensive oil pipe-line system in the West is from 
the Ventura Oil Works, 120 miles long. 

The largest fig tree in California, measuring over eleven feet 
in circumference, is growing near Burson, Calaveras County, and 
annually produces large crops. 

An Bnglish walnut tree at Vallecito, Calaveras County, 
measures nine feet in circumference and is probably the largest 
in the State. 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 21 

The only malt whisky manufactory in the United States is at 
Sausalito, Marin County, according to Government reports. 

The first quartz mill was erected in Grass Valley in 1850. 
Since then the quartz mills of Nevada County have produced 
over $100,000,000. 

The largest cork oak tree of California is growing at Campo 
Seco, Calaveras County, and measures seven feet eleven inches in 
circumference. 

The largest cherry tree in the State is near Newcastle, Placer 
County. It annually produces over $200 worth of early cherries. 

Resorts and Springs— 

Almost every visitor is interested in knowing how to reach 
the different health and pleasure resorts in the State, conven- 
iently situated to San Francisco. The following is a list of the 
best-known resorts and medicinal springs, the route to be taken 
to reach them, distance from San Francisco by rail and stage, 
and the cost of reaching them : 

iE)tna Hot Springs; Napa Valley, railroad to St. Helena, 64 
miles, stage 15 miles $4.05. 

Angwin; Howell Mountain, Napa Valley, railroad to St. 
Helena, stage 8 miles, $3.05. 

Auburn; Ogden route, rail 126 miles, $4.10, $3.60. 

Bartlett Springs; Napa Valley route to Calistoga, 73 miles, 
stage 70 miles, fare $7.30; or by San Francisco & North Pacific 
Railroad to Hopland, 99 miles, stage 42 miles, $8.00. 

Big Trees, Calaveras; Stockton, Milton and Merced train to 
Milton, 133 miles, stage 49 miles, $18.00. 

Big Trees, Mariposa; Los Angeles train to Berenda, thence 
to Raymond, 199 miles, stage 40 miles, $12.00. 

Big Trees, Santa Cruz; South Pacific Coast narrow gauge, 74 
miles, $2.55. 

Byron Hot Springs; Stockton train to Byron, 68 miles, stage 
2 miles, $2.40. 

Castle Crags ; Oregon line to Castle Crags, 294 miles, $9.90. 

Cazadero; North Pacific Coast narrow gauge, 87 miles, $2.50; 
round trip $3.75. 

Congress Springs; South Pacific Coast narrow gauge to Los 
Gatos, 55 miles, stage 5 miles, $2.35. 

Coronado Beach; Pacific Coast Steamship Company's steamer, 
484 miles, $15.00; Southern Pacific Company's San Diego train, 
611 miles, $20.00. 

Del Monte; Southern Pacific, 4th and Townsend Street sta- 
tion, to Del Monte, 124 miles, $3.00. 

Donner Lake; Ogden train to Truckee, 209 miles, stage * 
miles, $8.55. 

Geysers ; San Francisco & North Pacific to Clovonlale, 8} 
miles, stage 16 miles round trip, $8.50; or Napa Valley route to 



22 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

Calistoga (summer only), 73 miles, stage 27 miles, round trip 
#8.50 ; in one way, out the other, $12.50 (summer only). 

- Gilroy Hot Springs; Southern Pacific, 4th and Townsend 
Street station, to Gilroy, 80 miles, stage 10 miles, $3.70. 

Glenwood Springs; South Pacific Coast narrow gauge to 
Glenwood, 66 miles, stage 4 miles, $3.60; round trip $6.60. 

Highland Springs; San Francisco and North Pacific to Pieta, 
92 miles, stage 15 miles, $4.50 ; round trip $8.00. 

Kellogg's; Napa Valley route to Calistoga, 73 miles, stage 7 
miles, $3.05. 

Klamath Hot Springs; Oregon train to Ager, 362 miles, stage 
20 miles, $15.00. 

Lake Tahoe; Ogden train to Truckee, 200 miles, stage 14 
miles, $9.30, $10.30; round trip $16.00. 

Lick Observatory; South Pacific Coast narrow gauge, from 
ferry, or Southern Pacific Company broad gauge, from 4th. and 
Townsend, to San Jose, 50 miles, stage 28 miles, $6.75 round 
trip. 

Litton Springs; San Francisco & North Pacific to Litton 
Springs, 70 miles, $2.40; round trip $3.60. 

Lower Soda Springs, see Castle Crags. 

Madrone Springs; Southern Pacific Company's Monterey 
train, 4th and Townsend, to Madrone, 69 miles, stage 14 miles, 

$3-35. 

Mark West Springs; San Francisco & North Pacific to Santa 
Rosa, 51 miles, stage 9 miles, $2.50. 

Mount Shasta; Oregon train to Sisson, 358 miles, $10.65; 
guide and horses to summit. 

Napa Soda Springs; Napa Valley train to Napa, 46 miles, 
stage 5 miles, $1.50; round trip, limited, $3.50. 

Pacific Congress Springs; Southern Pacific Company, 4th 
and Townsend, to Santa Clara, 47 miles, stage 11 miles, $2.25; 
or South Pacific Coast narrow gauge, from ferry, to Los Gatos, 55 
miles, stage 5 miles, $2.15; round trip $4.25. 

Pacific Grove; Monterey train, 4th and Townsend, to Pacific 
Grove, 128 miles, $3.25; Saturday to Monday round trip $5.25. 

Palermo Orange Groves; Marysville and Oroville train to 
Palermo, 143 miles, $5.90. 

Palo Alto, see Stanford University. 

Paraiso Springs; Southern Pacific Company, 4th and Town- 
send, to Soledad, 143 miles, stage 7 miles, $4.75; round trip $9.00. 

Paso Robles; Southern Pacific Company's Coast Division, 4th 
and Townsend, 216 miles, $6.20. 

Redondo Beach; Southern Pacific Company's Los Angeles 
train, 505 miles, $15 50. 

Sacramento (State Capital); Sacramento train at ferry, 90 
miles, $1.50 (p. M. train only), $2.50, $3.30; by river steamer, 120 
miles, $1.50. 



CALIFORNIA— LAND OF THE GOLDEN SUNSET 23 

San Jose; South Pacific Coast at ferry, or Southern Pacific 
Company at 4th and Townsend, 50 miles, $1.25; round trip Sun- 
day $1.50. 

Santa Clara, South Pacific Coast at ferry, or Southern Pacific 
Company at 4th and Townsend, 50 miles, $1.25; round trip Sun- 
day, $1.50. 

San Rafael, North Pacific Coast via Sausalito, or San Fran- 
cisco & North Pacific via Tiburon, 15 miles; 35 cents, round trip 
50 cents. 

Seigler Springs, Napa Valley line to Calistoga, 73 miles, 
stage 34 miles, $6.00. 

Skaggs Springs; San Francisco & North Pacific to Geyser- 
ville, 80 miles, stage 8 miles, $3.50; round trip $5.50. 

Tuscan Springs; Oregon line to Red Bluff, 199 miles, stage 7 
miles, $7.45. 

Upper Soda Springs, Oregon line to Upper Soda Springs, 299 
miles, $10.10. 

Vacaville; Ogden line to Elmira, to Vacaville, 65 miles, 
$2.30, $2.05. 

Vichy Springs; San Francisco & North Pacific to Ukiah, 113 
miles, stage 3 miles, $4.75. 

Wawona; Los Angeles train to Raymond via Berenda, 199 
miles, stage 38 miles, $11.00. 

White Sulphur Springs; Napa Valley line to St. Helena, 64 
miles, stage 2 miles, $2.30. 

Yosemite Valley; via Milton, 121 miles, stage 85 miles, round 
trip $40.00; via Raymond, 199 miles, stage 60 miles, round trip 
$50.00. Two other stage routes lead into the valley, one via 
Priests and the Tuolumne Grove of Big Trees, stage 85 miles, 
round trip $40.00; and the other via Calaveras Big Trees, stage 
140 miles, round trip $50.00. 




SAN FRANCISCO: 

The Imperial City by the Western Sea. 






The Gates of the City— 

Whoever would visit the California Midwinter Fair must first 
enter the gates of the Imperial City by the western sea which like 
ancient Rome, sits supremely on a throne of hills. Barely forty- 
five years old, San Francisco now has a population of over three 
hundred thousand inhabitants and, in addition to being the com- 
mercial metropolis of the Pacific Coast, stands in the front rank 
of the great cities of the nation as the eighth on the list. It 
occupies the extremity of a peninsula, covering twelve square 
miles, and is flanked by one of the finest bays in the world on 
the one side and by the waters of the Pacific Ocean on the other. 

The Golden Gate— 

The visitor who would enter this city from the sea must pass 
through a narrow gorge intersecting the outer Coast Range and 
known as the Golden Gate. This entrance is not over a mile 
wide at its narrowest point. On the south side rises an irregular 
wall capped with shifting sand dunes, beyond which lies the city 
and the site of the Midwinter Fair ; on the north, the bold and 
frowning cliffs of Marin County rise abruptly from the water's 
edge and are surmounted by the towering peak of Mt. Tamalpais. 
For the guidance of mariners, a light-house has been placed by 
the United States government on the Farallone Islands, a group 
of barren rocks of volcanic origin standing in the open sea thirty- 
five miles west of the Gate. Another light is stationed on the 
north head of the entrance — Point Bonita — and still others on 
Forts Point and Alcatraz, inside the harbor. The depth of water 
in the Gate is great enough to permit the largest vessel afloat to 
pass with safety at any stage of the tide. The government has 
strongly fortified it with batteries of heavy guns, some of which 
are situated on the crown of the southern wall ; others have been 
erected at Lime and Fort Points, within the Gate, and still others 
on Angel and Alcatraz Islands which command the entrance 
within the bay. 

(24) 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WES1 



25 



It is through this ocean gateway that the commerce of the 
nation with the Orient, with the islands of the Pacific, with 

Australasia, the Rus- 
sian Asiatic Pos- 
sessions, British 
Columbia, the west- 
ern coasts of South 
and Central America 
and the bulk of the 
commerce of Mexico 
passes ; but no un- 
friendly ship can 
make the passage 
without first run- 
ning the gauntlet 
of the bristling bat- 
teries which serve as 
its guardians. 




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liiimis, car and ferry boat connecting 
the bay. 

2 



The Eastern 

Entrance — 

The eastern en- 
trance to the city is 
trans-bay. The 
Eastern visitor who 
makes the trip to 
the Midwinter Ex- 
position by rail 
must come in this 
way, no matter 
whether the south- 
ern, central or 
northern transcon- 
tinental route is 
followed. As all 
roads led to Rome 
in the days of its 
greatest glory, so 
all transcontinental 
railroads, whether 
on C a n a d i a nor 
American soil, so 
far constructed, 
make San Francisco 
their western ter- 
the Eastern shore of 



26 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



The Largest Ferry Boat in the World — 

All routes by land practically converge at Port Costa, situate 
at the northern end of Carquinez Strait which for many years 
past has been the chief wheat shipping point in the State. It is 
also the southern landing place of the ferry steamer Solano, 
which has the distinction of being the largest ferry boat in the 
world, its deck room being equal to the area of one acre. This 
mammoth steamer is used for the transportation of trains across 
Carquinez Strait between Benicia (once the State Capital), situate 
on the north side of the waterway, and Port Costa. All passen- 
gers by rail by the northern and central railroad routes — 
namely : by the Canadian Pacific, who continue their journey to 
San Francisco by land ; by the Northern Pacific and the Central 
Pacific — make the passage of Carquinez Strait on the Solano. 
The boat is, in reality, a floating bridge, driven by steam, as the 

trains are 
carried on 
it bodily 
over the 
straits. 
The time 
occupied in 
making 
the pas- 
sage af- 
fords the 
tourist an 
opportuni- 
ty to in- 
spect one 
of the most 
remark- 
able marine structures in existence and to "take in " one of the 
most interesting water and land scapes he has probably ever 
viewed. Mare Island, the United States Navy Yard, stands to 
the west ; the city of Benicia spreads out over the hills on the 
north, and Martinez and Port Costa nestle under the lee of the 
Contra Costa hills on the south, while midway flows the current 
of the San Joaquin and Sacramento rivers, dotted with bay 
and river craft, engaged in commerce or in pleasure. 




DECK OF LARGEST FERRY BOAT IN THE WORI.D 



Bay Ferries — 

Passengers by the Santa Fe and Southern Pacific railroads 
do not cross Carquinez Strait but they join the drift of railroad 
travel to San Francisco at Port Costa. An hour's ride from Port 
Costa brings the eastern, northern and southern trains into the 
great ferry building at the end of Oakland mole, which is practi- 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 



27 



cally the terminal point of the transcontinental railroad system. 
There, all passengers are transferred to the ferry boat in waiting. 
The steamers employed on the Oakland and San Francisco ferry 
are the finest ferry boats in existence, being luxuriously furnished 
and equipped for the comfort of passengers. These ferry boats 
run between the two cities every half hour, making the passage 
across the bay — a distance of three and one-half miles — in from 
sixteen to eighteen minutes. From twenty-five to thirty thou- 
sand passengeis are carried on these boats daily, at a cost of ten 
cents each way, for local fares. Similar ferry boats to those 
employed in the Oakland service also ply between San Francisco 
and Sausalito and Tiburon, Sausalito being the terminus of the 
North Pacific Coast Railway, a narrow gauge road, running into 
the northern redwoods and passing through a region of surpassing 
picturesqueness, and Tiburon being the terminus of the San Fran- 
cisco and 
North Pa- 
cific Rail- 
road, which 
traverses 
the beauti- 
ful Russian 
River Val- 
ley, as far 
n orth as 
the town 
of Ukiak, 
a region 
full of at- 
tractions to 
the tourist 
Another 
line of ferry boats, similarly equipped, ply to and from Oakland 
by way of San Antonio Creek, which is a notable waterway 
to the tourist as it is the scene of the most important harbor 
improvement thus far undertaken by the United States Govern- 
ment on the Pacific Coast. And, still another ferry line joins 
the city with Alameda, the sister city of Oakland on the eastern 
shore of the bay. This constitutes the terminal of the South 
Pacific Coast Railway, a narrow gauge road running south along 
the eastern shore of the bay, through the pretty towns of Santa 
Clara and San Jose, thence to Los Gatos, which is attaining lame 
for its fine wines, where it enters the Santa Cruz Mountains, a 
wild and romantic range lying between the fertile Santa Clara 
Valley and the sea, emerging, finally, on the shore of Monterey 
Bay, at the old mission town of Santa Cruz, which is now a 
popular seaside- rrsort. 




A BAY FERRY BOAT 



28 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



The Metropolitan Artery- 
All the bay ferries converge at or adjacent to the foot of 
Market Street, which almost bisects the city, and is in fact the 
main arterial thoroughfare of the metropolis. The streets join- 
ing this thoroughfare on the south, as far west as the base of the 
western amphitheater of hills shielding the city from the ocean — 
that is, to the junction of Valencia Street — run southerly at right 
angles with it. All the streets on the north side have been laid 




THIS NEW CALIFORNIA 

out at right angles with one another, but at acute and obtuse 
angles with Market Street. The streets on the north of Market 
street, beginning at the waterfront, going westward, are (run- 
ning nearly north and south) in their regular order as follows : 
East, Drumm, Davis, Front, Battery, Sansome, Montgomery, 
Kearny, Dupont, Stockton. Powell, Mason, Taylor Jones, Leaven- 
worth, Hyde, Larkin, Polk, Van Ness, Franklin, Gough, Octavia, 
Laguna, Buchanan, Webster, Fillmore, Steiner, Pierce, Scott, 



'l'HE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 



29 



Devisadero, Broderick, Baker, Lyon, Cemetery or Central Ave- 
nue, Walnut, Laurel, Locust, Spruce and Cherry Streets ; and 
then the avenues : First, Second, Third and so on to Forty-ninth 
at the ocean beach. 

Those running out of Market on the north side of it in nearly 
a due east and west course are, beginning at the ferries : Sacra- 
mento, California, Pine, Bush, Sutter, Post, Geary, O'Farrell, 
Ellis, Kddy, Turk, Tyler or Golden Gate Avenue, McAllister, 




MARKET STREET AT POST STREET 



Fulton, Grove, Hayes, Fell, Oak, Page, Haight, Waller, Kate, 
Ridley. 

The streets at right angles to Market and on the south 
side of it, beginning at the waterfront, are as follows: East, 
Stenart, Spear, Main, Beale; Fremont, First, Second, Third, 
Fourth and so on out to Eleventh, At the last named 
street Valencia joins Market at an obtuse angle, and thence- 
forward the numbered thoroughfares intersect Valencia at right 
angles until Thirtieth Street is reached, 



30 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



Notable Buildiog-s— 

The principal hotels and the finest business blocks in the city 
are located on either side of Market Street, and on the principal 
side streets immediately adjacent to it. Among those which are 




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THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 



31 



sure to rivet the attention of the tourist as he proceeds uptown 
from the ferry landings are the I/uning Block, a new structure of 
quaint architectural design, occupying the California Street gore, 
the Grand and Palace Hotels, between Second and Third Streets, 
the latter the largest caravansary in the world and capable of 
accommodating 1200 guests; immediately opposite, on the Post 
Street gore, is the Crocker Block, built of Rocklin granite, Roman 
brick and terra cotta, and under its shadow, on the north side of 




A MODKI/ BANK BUILDING 



Post Street, stands the Masonic Temple. From this point may 
be seen also, when looking north along Montgomery Street, the 
Mills Building, constructed of Inyo marble and Roman brick 
with terra cotta ornamentations, while a massive structure of 
Raymond granite is being erected at the corner of Post and 
Montgomery, opposite the Masonic Temple. At the junction o( 
Kearny, Market and Geary stands the Chronicle Building, a mas- 
sive brick and Sespe (Ventura County) sandstone of a ( \a\V 



32 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

lavender color, crowned with a tall, turreted bronze clock tower, 
all constituting a splendid monument of the energy and enter- 
prise and courage of the man who gave being to the Midwinter 
Fair, M. H. de Young, the proprietor of the Chronicle, and 
the Director General of the Exposition. On the south side of 
Market Street, directly opposite the Chronicle Building, is the 
Nucleus Block, the property of W. R. Hearst, the enterprising 
proprietor of the " monarch of the dailies," the Examiner, and 
which it is designed to reconstruct at a future day to serve as a 
suitable headquarters for that journal. The Phelan Block is a 




■:^^0^W^ 




r* - - 




conspicuous building on the O'Farrell Street gore. The Flood 
Building, at the corner of Fourth and Market Streets, is a 
reminder of the great Comstock lode in its best days when the 
bonanza mines yielded their immense volumes of the precious 
metals for the enrichment of their owners, and adjoining it on 
either side are the Pioneer Building, with its frontage on Fourth 
Street, and the building of the Academy of Sciences, with its 
frontage on Market Street, monuments of the generosity of the 
late James Lick, who left the bulk of his great fortune as public 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 33 

benefactions. The Baldwin Hotel and Theater, at Powell and 
Market, the Odd Fellows Hall at Seventh and Market, the 
Murphy Block opposite, at the corner of Jones and Market, fol- 
low in quick succession as the tourist moves westward. 

Natural Curiosities and Mineral Collections— 

The Academy of Sciences is a magnificent structure, contain- 
ing in the material employed in its erection specimens of all the 
many varieties of building stone to be found in this State and in 
the neighboring Territory of Arizona, including polished marble 
from Colton, pink sandstone from Arizona, lavender sandstone 
from Sespe, Ventura County, yellow sandstone from Gilroy, and 
granite, plain and polished, from various points in the State. 
The museum is worth the inspection of the visitor to San Fran- 
cisco, for it contains a fine and rare collection of birds, animals, 
fishes, reptiles, shells and aboriginal implements, etc. It is free to 
the public. 

The Pioneer Building is also the headquarters of the State 
Mining Bureau and contains in its museum a splendid collection 
of the minerals found in the State. An examination of the col- 
lection will give the visitor a suggestion, at least, of the great 
mineral wealth of California. Additions are being made continu- 
ally to the collection, showing new developments in mining in 
every direction. 

City and County Buildings — 

Then comes the City Hall, occupying a three-cornered tract 
bounded by McAllister and L,arkin Streets and Park Avenue. 
The site is historical, for the reason that it formerly constituted 
the cemetery ,, of Verba Bnena, where many of the pioneers who 
died in early days were buried. The remains were removed to 
Laurel Hill Cemetery in the latter sixties and earlier seventies to 
make way for the imposing pile of brick, stone and iron now- 
standing on the spot. This structure has been over twenty years 
under construction and has cost nearly $4, 000,000, but it is yet 
incomplete. It embraces a fire-proof building for the preser- 
vation of the municipal records, which is a circular structure, 
separate from the main building and connected with it by a corri- 
dor ; all the city and county offices, the civil and superior criminal 
courts of the county, the rooms of the Supreme Court of the 
vState, the Free and Law Libraries, police headquarters and a 
prison for the confinement of petty offenders and for the deten- 
tion of those arrested for higher crimes until after their prelim- 
inary examination shall have been held. Other municipal build- 
ings are the Old City Hall 011 Kearny Street, between Washington 
and Merchant; the County Jail, on Broadway, near Koaniv; the 
Industrial School and Branch County Jail (formerly the House o\ 



34 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

Correction), in the southwestern suburbs, and the Almshouse, on 
the western slope of the Mission Hills. 

United States Buildings— 

The United States has a Custom House and Postoffice, an 
Appraisers' Building, a Treasury Building and a Mint for the 
coinage of money. 

United States Mint— 

The United States Mint is the largest structure of that char- 
acter in the country and is one of the handsomest public buildings 
in San Francisco. It fronts 161 feet on Mission and 217 feet on 
Fifth Street. It is built in the Doric style of architecture, with 
massive fluted columns at the entrance. The basement and steps 
are of California granite and the upper walls of freestone obtained 
from Newcastle Island, in the Gulf of Georgia. The machinery 
is of the latest pattern and is equal in efficiency to any used in 
the United States. When working to its full capacity the Mint 
can coin nearly 1,000,000 ounces per month. It contains one of 
the finest numismatic collections in existence, which is open to 
inspection by visitors, who are admitted daily between the hours 
of 9 A. M. and 12 m., and for whose special accommodation a con- 
ductor is provided by the Government to escort them through the 
building. It is easy of access by any of the Market Street and 
Mission Street cars direct or by transfer indirectly by any other 
line in the city. The building contains the offices of the Super- 
intendent, Assay er, Coiner and all the attaches of their respective 
departments. 

Custom House and Postoffice Block— 

The Custom House and General Postoffice Building occupies 
the eastern half of the block bounded by Battery, Sansome, 
Washington and Jackson Streets. It is a somber three-story 
structure. The ground floor is occupied exclusively by the various 
departments of the General Postoffice, the main entrance being in 
the wing fronting on Washington Street. The upper two stories 
constitute the Custom House, the main entrance being on Battery 
Street. In the Custom House are quartered the Collector of the 
Port, the Surveyor of the Port, and the Naval Officer and the 
special agents of the U. S. Treasury Department with their 
respective subordinates. 

The western half of the Custom House and Postoffice Block 
is occupied by the United States Appraisers' Building. It is a 
plain brick and stone edifice, four stories high, and contains 
besides the offices of the United States Appraiser, the rooms of 
the United States District and Circuit Courts, the offices of their 
respective clerks and commissioners, and the offices of the United 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 35 

States Coast and Geodetic Survey. The main entrance to the 
U. S. Appraiser's Building is on the Sansome Street frontage ; 
there are also side entrances, for public use, on the Washington 
and Jackson Streets frontages. 

Cars of the Central, the Union Street and the Cliff House and 
Ferries Railroad Companies pass close by the Custom House, Post- 
office and Appraisers' Building. 

Branch Postoffices 

Branch Postoffices are located as follows . 
Branch Postoffice A, 1309 Polk. 
Branch Postoffice B, Mission and Eighth. 
Branch Postoffice C, Mission and Twentieth. 
Branch Postoffice D, foot of Market. 

For the accommodation of visitors, a branch postoffice has 
also been established at the Fair grounds. 

United States Branch Treasury— 

The United States Branch Treasury is an unpretentious three- 
story brick and stone structure standing on the north side of 
Commercial Street, between Kearny and Montgomery Streets. 
Only the lower part of the building is used by the Assistant 
Treasurer of the United States for his offices, and in these quar- 
ters are located the big vaults in which the Federal Government's 
coin and securities are stored. 

The upper floors are occupied by the United States Surveyor- 
General for California, and by the Registrar and Receiver of the 
United States I^and Office. 

Horse cars of the North Beach & Mission and the Third 
and Montgomery Street branch of the Omnibus Cable Co.'s lines, 
and the cable cars of the California Street and the Ferries and 
Presidio Co.'s lines, run convenient to the Treasury Building. 

Other Interesting- Institutions- 
Shot Tower, First and Howard. 

Merchants' Exchange, California below Montgomery. 
Stock Exchange, Pine near Montgomery. 
Wells, Fargo & Co.'s Express, New Montgomery and Jessie 

Streets. 

Chinese Merchants' Exchange, 739 Sacramento. 

Notable Kesidences— 

Many private residences in the city are famous the world 
over. This is particularly the case with those crowning the sum- 
mit of California Street Hill, popularly styled " Nob Hill," the 
most conspicuous elevation in the city. A ride of a few minutes 

from Market Street on the California Street cable ears, or from 
the ferry landing, by the more roundabout way ^( the Powell 

Street branch of the Ferries and Cliff House Railroad, brings 



36 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



the tourist to the scene of the costly structures erected by the late 
Mark Hopkins, Charles Crocker and Leland Stanford. The 
Stanford residence, which is occupied by the Senator's widow, is 
reputed to have cost $2, 000,000 ; the Crocker residence, $2,500,- 
000, and the Hopkins residence, which was the last of the 
three to be built, the enormous sum of $2,750,000. Bach of these 




THE STANFORD RESIDENCE 

magnificent structures command a splendid view of the city, the 
bay and the territory surrounding it. They are also surrounded 
by elegant grounds, artistically laid out in lawns, flower beds and 
walks. The interiors of these houses have been fitted up with 
the costliest and rarest woods of the world's forests. The Hop- 
kins mansion is now devoted to art, having been presented by 










THE CROCKER RESIDENCE 



Edward F. Searles, the surviving husband of the late Mrs. Mary 
Hopkins-Searles, to the San Francisco Art Association and the 
University of California, and it is under their jo nt control. On the 
block diagonally opposite the Hopkins Art Institute, fronting 
California Street, is the magnificent structure erected by the late 
James C. Flood, of bonanza fame, as a residence. Tt is built of 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 



37 



Connecticut brownstone, and is the only structure in the State 
built of that material. On the block farther west stands the 
residence of the late D. D. Col ton, now the property of Collis P. 
Huntington, president of the Southern Pacific Company. The 
late Robert Sherwood erecled the handsome residence standing 
opposite the Crocker residence, at the southwest corner of Cali- 




MARK HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF ART 

fornia and Taylor Streets. All of these buildings are historical 
for the reason that they are associated directly with the great 
fortunes that grew out of the construction of the Central Pacific 
Railroad and the wonderful mineral wealth of the great Corn- 
stock Lode in Nevada. If the visitor will take a trip along the 
Pacific Heights on the cars of the Ferries & Cliff House Cable 
Company's line he will see terraces of magnificent dwellings of a 




TIIK Fl,OOD RESIDENCE 

later production, besides enjoying one of the most attractive pano- 
ramic rides to be obtained on the street car service o{ the city, con- 
sisting of charming views of the city, glimpses of the bay and the 
Golden ('.ate, and a bird's-eye view of the harbor, its shipping 
and its islands, and the mountain terrace surrounding it and 
stretching through half a dozen counties. 



38 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

Places of Amusement- 
San Francisco is well provided with theatres and other 
places of amusement, at each of which popular plays are con- 
stantly presented. 

A few years ago, the old California Theatre, for nearly a 
generation the leading playhouse of the city, on whose stage 
many of the leading stars of two continents appeared, was 
demolished and a finer and larger auditorium and a hotel erected 
on its site. The New California stands on Bush Street, between 
California and Dupont Streets. There is not a more richly 
appointed theatre in the country, while every attention for the 
comfort and safety of its patrons has been given in the arrange- 
ment of its interior and its exits. 

The Alcazar is a smaller structure of rich Moorish design at 
116 O'Farrell Street. 

The Baldwin is a charming little theatre, rich in its furnish- 
ings and ornamentation, situated in the block at the northeast 
corner of Market and Powell Streets. 

The Tivoli Opera House on Kddy near Powell always has a 
popular opera on the bill. 

The Standard and Bush Street Theatres are on opposite sides 
of Bush Street, between Kearny and Montgomery Streets, and 
are devoted chiefly to light comedy. 

The Grand Opera House is situated on Mission Street, west 
of Third. It is the largest theatre in the city and is capable of 
seating 2,500 persons, but it is not open regularly. 

Other theatres are the Stockwell's, on Powell Street near 
Market; Chinese theatres, 626 and 623 Jackson and 814 and 836 
Washington Streets. 

Clubs- 
Some of San Francisco's clubs are world-renowned, owing to 
the splendor of their quarters and the generous nature of their 
hospitality to distinguished visitors. The oldest club is the 
Union-Pacific — a combination of two organizations — which occu- 
pies magnificent quarters at the corner of Post and Stockton. 
The Cosmos Club is a near neighbor on Powell Street, fronting the 
same public park — Union Square, while near by — on Post Street 
near Grant Avenue — are the quarters of the Bohemian Club, 
which it now having a magnificent building erected on Sutter 
Street for its special use. Journalism is also represented in the 
Press Club, which has charming quarters and a large and influ- 
ential membership. The Olympic Club, famed in athletics, is the 
leading organization devoted to athletics and out-door sports, 
and it has fine grounds on the south side of Golden Gate Park, 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 39 

adjacent to the Midwinter Fair grounds. Almost every national- 
ity in the community is also represented by a club, usually of a 
social and beneficiary nature. 

Churches — 

All denominations and creeds are represented in the religious 
institutions of San Francisco. Among them are many notable 
and costly structures. The largest of all is St. Ignatius Church, 
which, with the Jesuit College adjoining it, constitutes one of the 
most imposing groups of buildings in the city. It occupies the 
block bounded by Van Ness Avenue, Franklin, Grove and Hayes 
Streets. The church will accommodate six thousand persons. 
The spires stand 275 feet above the ground, and are the highest 
in the State. Other notable churches belonging to the Roman 
Catholics are: St. Mary's Cathedral, also on Van Ness Avenue, 
at the corner of O'Farrell Street; St. Patrick's Church, which 
possesses a full chime of bells, located on Mission near Third, 
Another imposing structure is Temple Bmanu-Kl, on Sutter 
Street near Powell, a Jewish synagogue. The Unitarian church 
on Geary and Franklin Streets is the direct successor of the 
famous Starr King's church, which, in its day, occupied a site on 
Geary Street near Stockton, now occupied by business blocks. 
Congregationalists, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, and other 
denominations have also many fine and costly edifices. 

Public Libraries — 

San Francisco contains six libraries. These have an aggre- 
gate of two hundred thousand volumes on their shelves. The 
Free and Law Libraries are in the west end of the City Hall. 
The Mercantile Library is on Van Ness Avenue, corner of Golden 
Gate Avenue. The Mechanics' Library is on Post Street, 
between Montgomery and Kearny. The others are the San 
Francisco Verein and the French Libraries. 

Art Association — 

The San Francisco Art Association's gallery is in the Hop- 
kins Art Institute on California Street, at the corner of Mason. 
It contains a fine collection of the best works of California 
artists. 

Cemeteries — 

San Francisco is provided with some of the finest cemeteries 
in existence. Laurel Hill, the burial place of dead pioneers; 
Calvary, the Roman Catholic burial ground; Odd Fellows' 
Cemetery and the Masonic Cemetery crown the fringe of hills 
lyiiijr between the city proper and Golden Gate Park, and the 
visitor to the latter will, no matter which way he enters, pass 



40 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



by these cities of the dead. Hills of Eternity, Holy Cross and 
Cypress Lawn lie across the southern boundary line of the city 
in San Mateo County, and Mountain View Cemetery nestles in 
the beautiful hills back of Oakland, across the bay. 




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The Chinese Quarters — 

The Chinese quarters in San Francisco are a source of never- 
failing interest to the visitor, for they furnish a means ready at 
hand to study orientalism in all its unique and peculiar features. 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 



41 



These " quarters " are located in the very heart of the city, sur- 
rounded on all sides either by the business establishments of the 
whites, or hemmed in by their habitations. On one side, "the 
quarters " are actually bounded by the premises of the wealthiest 




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white denizens of San Francisco, and it is only a step, as it werej 

from the most repulsive of Oriental squalor, to the greatest of 

Caucasian luxuriousness. It is estimated that there are over 

80,000 Chinese in the United States. Of this number nearly one- 



42 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



third are huddled together in the territory bounded on the north 
by Pacific Street, on the south by California Street, on the east 
by Kearny Street, and on the west by Mason Street, comprising 
not over twelve blocks. In some parts a labyrinth of passages 
intersects the district, constituting a maze impossible for the 
uninitiated to traverse with certainty or security, while the 




CHINESE VEGETABLE VENDOR 



ground underneath is honeycombed like a rabbit warren, these 
human burrows in some instances descending below the level of 
the sewers in their vicinity. No one ventures to explore the 
inner recesses of the Chinese quarters without being accompanied 
by an experienced guide. It is, of course, possible and safe to 
traverse the principal thoroughfares passing through " the quar- 




AN OPIUM SMOKER 



Copyrighted 
Taker, S. F. 



ters" without a guide; and there is much which the visitor can 
thus see that is curious, while glimpses may be obtained here 
and there of those vices and phases in their civilization which 
make association with the Mongolian race so repugnant to the 
average person of Caucasian blood. The Chinese joss-houses or 
temples for the worship of their deities; the Chinese theatres; the 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 



43 



Chinese restaurant, and even the Chinese vendor and artisan, 
who is encountered at almost every step in a tour through China- 
town, are each and all so different in kind and appointment 
to those of our own race that they become subjects of intense 
interest to those who have not seen them before. But the 
pungent fumes of burning opium which offend the nostrils every- 




OPIUM DEN INTERIOR 



Copyrighted 
Taber, S. F. 



where throughout "the quarters," and an occasional glimpse 
which may be, now and again, obtained into some partially con- 
cealed interior, suggests the presence of the vice which the 
Asiatic has introduced into our midst, and which is thus under- 
mining the morals and constitutions of many youths of our own 
race. The visitor may enter the sacred precincts of the Chinese 




JOSS HOUSE INTERIOR 



Copyrighted, 1887 
Taber, S. K. 



joss-houses or temples without fear of sacrilege. This intrusion 
among the sacred vessels of the temple and the materia] repre- 
sentations of the deities they worship, will be witnessed by the 
Chinese worshippers with stoical indifference. There are six 
principal joss-houses and a number oi smaller temples in the 
city, but there is nothing about the exterior or interior to suggest 



44 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



the splendor of the pagan temples to be found in the Orient. 
The visitor to Chinatown will marvel at the great number of men 









rushing hither and thither through " the quarters," and the almost 
total absence of women and children. 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 45 

Holidays in Chinatown — 

Sunday is a good day to see Chinatown in full blast. Its 
streets are then thronged by the men employed in the factories 
throughout the city. But the gala day of all holidays in the year 
is Chinese New Year, which begins with the first new moon 
after the sun has entered Aquarius, always occurring some time 
between January 21st and February iSth. The visitor to the 
Midwinter Fair who is fortunate enough to be in San Francisco 
during Chinese New Year will witness a scene never to be forgot- 
ten. A Chinese procession is also a wonderful spectacle, the 
pageant being unique in its barbarous splendor and display. 

Seal Rocks, the Cliff House and Sutro Park- 
Near the western or ocean extremity of Golden Gate Park 
stand the Seal Rocks, famous as the rookeries of these fur-bear- 
ing amphibians. They comprise a group of small, barren and 
wave-washed rocks, lashed by the heaving waters of the Pacific 
Ocean, outside the South Head to the Gate, Point Lobos. They 
are at all times interesting objects to visitors, for the reason that 
they offer an opportunity to inspect and study the animals occu- 
pying them in their native element. They are protected from 
slaughter by law, their molestation being strictly prohibited, as 
they constitute in foggy weather valuable aid to those mariners 
seeking to enter the Golden Gate, by means of the loud barking 
which they keep up incessantly, and which serves as a note of 
warning of their proximity to danger. When a storm is rag- 
ing, these rocks present a grand spectacle, the great waves lash- 
ing their sides and deluging them with spray, the seals in great 
commotion seeking shelter to leeward and bellowing louder than 
the roll of thunder which follows the violent shock of wave and 
shore. 

Towering above these seal rookeries, perched on the edge of 
the precipice forming at this point the shore line of the main- 
land, stands the famous hostelry of the Cliff House, and, on a 
terrace still higher, Sutro Park and Sutro Heights, the home of 
Adolph Sutro, the constructor of the great tunnel bearing his 
name, which drains a large section of the Comstock Lode. Sutro 
Park has been reclaimed from the desolate and shifting sand 
dunes, and is a standing illustration of what art, energy, fore- 
sight and money, intelligently utilized, can accomplish. The 
Park is private property, but the owner generously admits the 
public to inspect it at pleasure. Sutro Heights contains also a 
largo collection of statuary, plaster casts of the famous works oi' 
art in the old world. 

Military Reservations— 

vSau Francisco, being a garrisoned city, contains several mili- 
tary reservations. The chief one is the Presidio, where the 



46 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



officers' quarters and the main part of the garrison are located, 
This reservation covers an area of 1500 acres of land on the north- 
ern side of the city, fronting on the Golden Gate for a distance 
of two miles on each side of Fort Point. The latter is a brick 
fortress, erected under the shadow of a bluff on a low point of 
rocks projecting into the Golden Gate at its narrowest point, 
which gives its guns the sweep of the entrance to the bay. Guns 
are also mounted en barbette along the bluff above, and directly 
opposite the fort, on the Marin County shore, are the water bat- 
teries of Lime Point. The reservation is all enclosed, but the 
military authorities have thrown it open to the public, and, what 
is of vastly greater benefit, constructed "through it a splendid 




PRESIDIO MILITARY RESERVATION 



system of carriage drives, which the public are at liberty to use 
without challenge. Much of the reservation has also been 
planted with trees, and it promises to vie in time with Golden 
Gate Park as a public pleasure ground. From the summit of 
Presidio Hill, which is reached by the military roadways, one of 
the finest panoramic views on the continent is obtained when 
sea, bay and shore are free from fog and haze. On the southern 
side of Presidio Hill, and visible from some parts of Golden Gate 
Park, is the United States Marine Hospital. 

Another military reservation is located at Point San Jose, 
better known as Black Point. This fort is reached by the Union 
Street cable road to Polk Street, thence along the line of Polk 



THE IMPERIAL CI1 r OF THE WEST 



47 



Street north to the bay shore. The fort is supplied with three 
15-inch Rodmans, weighing 25 tons each and capable of 
throwing a solid projectile of 450 pounds, or a shell of 432 
pounds. Point San Jose is the residence of the Department Com- 
mander. 

All of the principal islands in the bay have been reserved for 
military purposes. 

The old Mission Church— 

The old Mission Church, founded by the Franciscan friars on 
the 8th of October, 1776, and completed ten years later, is still 
standing at the corner of Dolores and Sixteenth Streets. It is the 
oldest building in San Francisco. The structure is built of adobe, 
the walls being three feet thick, resting on a foundation of 
undressed stone. Originally, the roof was covered with tiling, 




OI.D MISSION DOLORES 

like that covering the Monterey County Building at the Mid- 
winter Fair ; but in the modern work of repair and restoration 
shingles have been substituted. The building is still used for 
worship. Adjoining it is the Mission Cemetery, which stopped 
receiving interments in 1858. It contains the grave of Don Luis 
Arguello, the first governor of Alta California under Mexican 
rule, and it also contains a strong reminder of vigilante days, 
in the fact that here lieth the dust of James P, Casey, the slayer 
of James King of William, who was hung for the crime by the 
Vigilance Committee of 1856. 

San Francisco Bay and Surroundings— 

San Francisco Bay consists really of three broad sheets of 

water almost entirely surrounded by land and joined by very 
narrow straits to one another. The main bay lies, o( eourse, east 



48 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



of the city, stretching north to where the Marin County hills and 
a low tongue of land from the Contra Costa County shore nearly 
meet, leaving only a narrow waterway between them, in the 
center of which stand two rocky knobs known as the " Two 
Brothers/ ' on one of which a lighthouse has been erected. It 
extends over forty miles to the south to San Jose. North of the 
" Brothers" the land again recedes, leaving a broad, circular 
basin, nearly thirty miles across, which is known as San Pablo 
Bay. This is again connected by the strip of water already 
referred to as Carquinez Strait, with Benicia and Martinez on 
either shore at the northern end, and Vallejo and Mare Island, 
and Vallejo Junction on either side at the south end. North 



t^mam 






GUARDIANS OF THE GOIJ3EN GATE 



of this again is the bay of Suisun, which receives the waters of 
the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers, whose confluence is at 
the upper end. 

Standing upon either one of the eminences upon which the 
city is erected, a fine view of the main bay, or San Francisco 
Bay proper, and its surroundings is obtained. In the northern 
foreground stand the Marin County Hills, and, in the hazy dis- 
tance beyond, the blue ranges of Sonoma and Napa Counties, 
which lie beyond San Pablo Bay. To the northeast and east the 
Contra Costa Hills sweep in a semi-circle behind the towns and 
cities and hamlets of Alameda County, consisting of Berkeleyl 
the seat of the University of California ; Oakland, the educationa, 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 49 

center of the Pacific Coast; Alameda, a charming suburban city; 
San I^eandro, San Lorenzo, Haywards, Niles and other towns 
famous for their orchards and vineyards. In the middle distance, 
looking in that direction, are the bay islands, their rounded 
domes and green slopes contrasting harmoniously with the gray 
waters of the bay. These islands consist of Alcatraz, which is a 
strongly fortified rock and is also used as a military prison ; 
Angel Island, which is also fortified on the northwestern extrem- 
ity and is the site of the quarantine station ; and Goat or Yerba 
Buena Island, which lies immediately in front of the city and 
almost in the track of the Oakland ferries. This is now used by 
the United States Government as a station for lighthouse sup- 
plies, the wharf and buildings of which may be seen in crossing 
the bay in the little cove on the eastern side ; and also as a 
torpedo station, with a squatty, one- story, fire-proof structure, 
built for the purpose under the lee of a headland on the north- 
eastern end of the island. This island is capable of being strongly 
fortified, but so far no forts have been established on it. It was 
formerly used as a military post, but buildings and troops were 
moved many years ago to the Presidio, a large military reserva- 
tion situated on the north end of the city. To the south, the 
bay dissolves in the hazy distance, and the eye looking to the 
west rests on Bernal Heights and the Mission Peaks, overlooking 
the busy city below. 

San Francisco at Night — 

The city at night is an interesting sight, whether seen from the 
summit of the hills or from the decks of the bay ferry boats. It is a 
blaze of light, in either case, thrown out from parallel lines of burn- 
ing electric and gas lamps, climbing up the sides and over the 
summits of the hills, spreading over the low Mission flats and 
stretching like strings of brilliants along the docks and wharves 
on the waterfront. On clear weather, its twinkling lights can be 
made out thirty or forty miles off at sea and quite as far inland. 

Neigh boring- Towns — 

A trip of half an hour, by either of their respective ferry boats, 
will take the visitor across the bay to Oakland, a city of over 
50,000 inhabitants, the largest of San Francisco's neighbors and a 
beautiful city of homes; or to Alameda, its nearest neighbor on 
the south, with a population of about 12,000; or to Berkeley, 
Oakland's northern neighbor, the home of the University of 
California, with a population of about 8,000 ; or to Sausalito and 
Tiburon. An hour's ride by rail lakes the visitor to the beau- 
tiful cities of Santa Clara and San Jose, at the south end of the bay; 
or the same time by rail and water carries one to San Rafael, 
the charming county seat of Marin, while Napa, the Soldiers' 
Home, St. Helena and Calistoga may be reached in three hours. 
3 



50 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

The Grandest Drive in America— 

Any visitor to San Francisco, desiring to enjoy one of the 
finest all-day drives on the continent, and having the means to 
procure a suitable team, can have his desire gratified within the 
limits of this city. Say, then, that the start is made at the 
junction of Golden Gate Avenue, the main thoroughfare leading 
to the Park, and Market Street. Reaching Van Ness Avenue, a 
turn is made north and that fashionable thoroughfare is followed 
to any one of the streets at the north end leading to the Presidio 
Reservation. Then let the driveway on the reservation, leading 
by the Barracks, Fort Point and over the Presidio Hill, be 
followed to the southern side of the reservation, where a good 
drive is to be obtained across the comparatively open stretch to 
the south to Golden Gate Park. Once there, the drives of the 
Park may be followed in a direct or roundabout way, as inclina- 
tion may prompt, to the ocean beach; thence to the north up the 
side of the cliff to Point Lobos, the Cliff House, Sutro Aquarium 
and Baths, carved out of the cliffs, and Sutro Heights; thence, 
returning to the beach and following the shore past the United 
States Life Saving Station, a safe distance from the breaking surf, 
which will in time be made into a great highway, two hundred 
feet in width and elevated several feet above the level of high 
tide, until Ocean View House is reached. There, the beach is left 
in the rear and the horses' heads are turned to the east, toward the 
range of hills lying between the beach and the city beyond. 
Ascending the slope of the range, the Almshouse is passed on 
the left, and at the summit the road suddenly emerges through 
Mission Pass, a narrow gap in the range, and the great city 
bursts suddenly in view at one's feet, the ba} r and its islands, 
and the mainland beyond, studded with human habitations, all 
coming within the line of vision. From there it is an agreeable 
drive down the grade to Seventeenth Street, and at Dolores Street 
a deviation of one block to Sixteenth Street will take you past the 
oldest building in San Francisco, Mission Dolores, erected in 1776, 
119 years ago, and the only reminder of the Mexican occupation 
of California now standing in the city. If time permits, the 
drive may be continued southeastward to South San Francisco, 
where the dry dock at Hunter's Point may be inspected ; 
thence northward past the Potrero, where the Union Iron Works 
— the works of the Pacific Coast naval constructors — the Spreckles 
Sugar Refinery and the Pacific Rolling Mills are located. The 
Union Iron Works are famous as the builders of the Charleston, 
the San Francisco and the Olympia, cruisers; and the harbor 
defense ship Monterey and the battle ship Oregon. The water 
front may then be followed as near as the pleasure seeker desires 
to drive, returning to the point of beginning. It is an all-day 
drive, and will test the mettle of a good team; but it is one that 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 51 

will well repay the expense, time and trouble. It will be a day 
into which a greater variety of sights and scenery will have been 
crowded than can be compressed into a day's drive in any other 
part of America. 



The Climate Around San Francisco Bay- 
October is usually the warmest month in the year in San 
Francisco and around the bay. The mean temperature in July 
is 57 . An average year does not contain more than half a dozen 
days when the temperature is 8o° or upwards. From April until 
the end of August the western trade winds prevail, accompanied 
with more or less fog, being strongest and coolest in the month 
of June. Through the rest of the year the winds are variable. 
The weather is agreeable, however, at all times of the year. 
Winter is practically unknown here, that is, as it is known in the 
Eastern and Central States. The temperature seldom drops below 
the frost line; snow is a very rare visitant. Lawns remain preen 
the year round; tender semi-tropical plants, such as are raised 
only under cover in the East, grow and bloom in the open air 
here throughout the year. The Eastern visitor to the Midwinter 
Fair will have abundant convincing proof of this fact, for the 
beds and borders in Golden Gate Park are planted with delicate 
flowers and tender shrubs, which were in full bloom at the open- 
ing of the Exposition, and which never cease to yield their frag- 
rant and beautiful tributes to the hand that cultivates them. 
Yet a very light frost would leave its blighting mark on any one 
of these should it settle upon them, telling the tale of low tem- 
perature quite as plainly as the recording marks of any thermom- 
eter. And these plants are neither sheltered by glass nor 
fostered by artificial heat. No doubt that thousands of those 
visiting the Midwinter Fair will behold for the first time in the 
Park grounds, in the gardens of San Francisco, Oakland and 
other cities around the bay, great masses of tender callas, roses in 
endless profusion, fuchsias laden with pendant drops, geraniums 
ablaze with blossoms, and magnolias scenting the air with globes 
of white at Christmas tide and through the winter months. To 
some people, the only disagreeable feature about San Francisco 
weather is the prevalence of sea fogs, which frequently envelop 
it in a dense and moist atmosphere. But the climate is, for all 
that, bracing and enervating, and the strong trade winds and 
ocean fogs are of great sanitary benefit. Persons desiring to 
eseape from the presence of these ocean fogs and the harshness of 
the trade winds, can do so by merely crossing the bay to any oi 
the suburban towns and cities, for neither winds nor fog pene- 
trate very far inland, and both arc- very materially tempered by 
the time they reach the eastern shore of the bay. 



52 



ALL ABOUT THE MLD WINTER FAIR 



Hotels and Boarding- and Lodging* Houses — 

The city is well supplied with hotels furnishing first-class 
accommodations to guests, and with boarding houses and lodging 
establishments where patrons may enjoy ease and comfort. The 
principal hotels and boarding houses in town comprise the Palace, 
Grand, Occidental, Baldwin, California, Lick, Russ, American 
Exchange, Brooklyn, Pleasanton, Berkshire, Bella Vista, Windsor 
and others. A Midwinter Fair Hotel and Boarding Bureau has also 
been organized, through which the best quarters at the best rates 







._. 



A TYPICAL FAMILY HOTEL 



can be secured. This Bureau has been incorporated with a 
capital of $100,000. It is composed of well known and thor- 
oughly responsible citizens, consisting of Will K. Fisher, of the 
well-known real estate firm of Will B. Fisher & Co., President; 
Eugene G. Davis, of Davis Bros., Golden Rule Bazaar, Vice- 
President; Henry Wadsworth, cashier Wells, Fargo & Co.'s 
Bank, Treasurer; Capt. C. B. Knocker, former general agent 
World's Fair Hotel Bureau, General Manager, and Chas. A. 
Sweetland, formerly assistant secretary World's Fair Hotel 



THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 53 

Bureau, Secretary. This Bureau has carefully listed places 
where visitors to the Midwinter Fair can get the best of accom- 
modations and fair dealing during their stay in the city. Its 
headquarters are at No. 14 Post Street. 

Hack Fares — 

Hack fares are regulated by ordinance, and every company 
furnishing hacks for hire can supply patrons with cards contain- 
ing the official fares printed thereon. Kvery visitor to San Fran- 
cisco, having occasion to employ a hack, should be informed on 
the official fares, for the average jehu is human and liable to err 
on the side which nets him the greater profit. Following is the 
schedule of fares fixed by the cab and carriage companies under 
the hack ordinances, within the district bounded by Broadway, 
Gough, and Twelfth Streets, and the City Front, or for one mile : 

ONE-HORSE HAND BAGGAGE^ FRE)E TWO HORSE COURE 

COUPE OR CARRIAGE 

$ [ 00 One or two passengers $ i 50 

More than two passengers 2 00 

25 Kach additional mile (each passenger) 25 

1 50 Calling and Shopping, first hour 2 00 

1 00 Calling and Shopping, each subsequent hour 1 50 

3 co Theatres, Balls and Parties, both ways reserved 4 00 

3 00 Weddings 4 00 

2 00 German Hospital 2 50 

2 00 City and County Hospital 2 50 

2 50 St. Laike's Hospital 3 00 

3 50 Funerals, three hours 4 00 

Funerals, over three hours, by the hour 

Funerals — To City Cemetery 500 

Funerals — To Holy Cross Cemetery 6 00 

2 50 Black Point 3 00 

3 00 Oakland Point (ferriage extra) 4 00 

4 00 Villa 5 00 

4 00 Park Drive 5 00 

5 00 Park Drive and to end of Beach Road 7 00 

6 00 Ingleside, via Park S 00 

6 00 Cliff House, via Park and return S 00 

Cliff House, via Park and return, via Ingleside 10 00 

5 00 Races, Bay District Track 7 00 

5 co Alms House, via Park 7 00 

3 go Presidio 4 00 

4 00 Presidio and Fort Point 5 00 

5 00 Presidio and Fort Point Drive 6 00 

7 00 Presidio, Fort Point and Park Drive 10 00 

Presidio, Fort Poillt, Cliff House and Park Drive u 00 

14-Mile I louse 1 : 00 

Detention alter the time for which earii.iges and coupes are Ordered will 
be charged by the hour. 

Street Railroads— 

The street railroads of vSan Fran ci SCO will be a novelty to 
most visitors from abroad, lor the reason that they are operated 



54 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



chiefly by wire cables running underground, a method of furnish- 
ing motive power of California invention peculiarly suited to the 
topography of the site of the city. Latterly, all of the cable railroads 
in operation in San Francisco were consolidated under one general 
management. They all begin at or near the ferry landings at the 
foot of Market Street, and throw out their branches in every 
direction to the suburbs of the north, south and west. A uniform 
fare of five cents is charged on all lines, and, b}^ a system of 
transfers in use, any point in the city can be reached, no matter 
what car may be first boarded by the passenger. The following 
is a directory of the various street railroads in the city and the 
lines to which transfers may 

be made without the pay- t „„ , „ „ , 

ment of any additional fare: 
California Street cars 
run from junction of Cali- 
fornia and Market Streets 
(one block from ferry) to 
cemeteries, and 

transfer to r — 

Hyde, from 
Hyde to Jones 
and Union 
Streets, and at 
Central Avenue 
to the motor 









line for the 
Park. 

Ferries 
and Cliff 
House Rail- 
road runs 
out Clay and 
Jackson 
Streets, from ferries to 
Central Avenue and Cali- 
fornia Streets ; transfers to 
North Beach and Powell 
Street, and from Powell to 
all the Market Street lines 
and to Fifth Street ; at 
Central Avenue to the 
Park motor line. 
Geary Street, Park and Ocean Railroad runs from Geary and 
Market out Geary to Seventh Avenue and D Street. Transfers to 
North Beach and Mission cars, and at Market and Geary Streets 
to the ferries. 

Market Street Cable Railroad runs cars from the fenies out 
Market to McAllister, Hayes, Castro, Valencia and Haight 
Streets. All the lines transfer to Geary, Powell, Fifth and Turk 
Streets. Transfers extra — the Hayes Street line (green cars) to 
Larkin Street cars, on eastward trips, and to Folsom Street, 
going south and west ; the Castro Street (white cars) to Haight 




THE IMPERIAL CITY OF THE WEST 



55 



Street line for the Park on eastward trips ; Valencia Street (blue 
cars) same as Castro Street line, and also to electric cars for ferry 
on downward trips ; Haight Street (red cars) to Valencia and 
Castro Street lines going west, on the eastward trips ; Fifth 
Street cars transfer to electric cars, going both ways, and also to 
the Potrero. 

The Omnibus Cable Company runs cable cars from ferry out 
Howard, and transfers to Third Street, Oak or Post Street, and 
Potrero Avenue cars ; horse cars from ferries and transfers to 
Post, North Beach, Howard Street, and Brannan Street cars for 
Pacific Mail Dock ; cable cars out Post, and transfers to North 
Beach, ferries, to Oak Street cars for Park on southward trips, 
and to Howard, Ellis and Potrero Avenue cars both ways. This 
system includes also the Oak and Ellis Street lines to the Park, 
the Brannan Street, South San Francisco and San Bruno lines. 

The Sutter Street Railroad runs from the ferry out Sutter to 
Central Avenue. Transfers to Polk Street cars, both ways, and 1 
thence to Hayes, Mission, Folsom and Electric cars. 

The Presidio and Ferries Railroad, or Union Street line, 
runs from ferries to Presidio. Transfers from Hyde for California 
Street cars and Park. 

The San Francisco and San Mateo System runs electric 
motors to Ocean View and cemeteries ( 5 cents additional fare 
after crossing county line). Transfers to Potrero, Sixth, Mission, 
Valencia, and L,arkin Street cars, through which the Park can be 
reached. 

The motor lines for the Park and Cliff House (5 cents addi- 
tional fare to the Cliff) start from Central Avenue and Cali- 
fornia Street. Transfers from Park to California and Jackson 
Street systems. 







GOLDEN GATE PARK: 

Scene of the Midwinter Fair. 



•N 



How to Reach It- 
Golden Gate Park, the scene of the Midwinter International 
Exposition, lies on the western side of the city, beyond the outer 
terrace of hills. It has been for many years past a popular public 
resort, and all the street railroads in the city have, as a result, 
striven to get a share of the travel to and from it. Now, a system 
of transfers has been adopted by the various street railroad com- 
panies which enables one to travel to or from any part of the 
city and the Park on one fare. Conductors are always accom- 
modating, and will impart such information as the unfamiliar 
passenger may desire so as to reach his or her destination. 

What the Park Consists of— 

The Park is an oblong tract of land fronting on the ocean 
beach for a distance of one half mile, and reaching eastward into 
the heart of the city at Stanyan Street — a distance of three miles. 
It embraces 1013 acres of land reserved by legislative enactment 
from the Pueblo lands of the city for park purposes, and it is 
under the control of a special Board of Park Commissioners, 
appointed by the Governor of the State. It is charmingly 
located. The broad expanse of the Pacific Ocean spreads out to 
the westward. South and east it is hemmed in by an amphi- 
theatre of hills— the Mission Range, 925 feet in height, and Lone 
Mountain, 468 feet high; on the north, Presidio Heights, on the 
southern side of the Presidio military reservation, with Mt. Tamal- 
pais looming up behind it from across the Golden Gate. Of late 
years, the city has stretched out toward it, and residences are 
crowding around it on all sides, dotting the green landscape of 
the hilly slopes with the evidences of human life and activity. 
Originally the entire tract was a cheerless, desolate waste of shift- 
ing sand-dunes, the surface of which was kept in constant motion 
by the sea breezes, and consequently was devoid of vegetation. 
Every foot of it had to be reclaimed, and the work of reclamation 
which was begun in 1S7.I, has been so thoroughly done that 
it is now one of the finest, as it is one of the largest, public 
parks in existence. There arc, in fact, only two larger public 
parks, owned by cities, in any part of the world, one being the 
Bois de Boulogne, near Paris, and the other l'ainuouut Park, 



58 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



Philadelphia. In the improvement of Golden Gate Park there 



has been spent, up to date, about 
the land permanently reclaimed is in a 







$1,000,000. Much of 
high state of cultivation. 
It is divided artis- 
tically into gra°-s 
lawns, flower beds, 
copses of beautiful 
shrubbery, groves 
of rare and valuable 
ornamental trees, 
ferneries, grottos, 
driveways and 
walk s, everything 
being kept in the 
pink of order the 
year round. Acres 
of flower beds greet 
the eye on every 
hand, miles of flow- 
ering plants, in full 
bloom, follow the 
meanderings of the 
roadways ; floricul- 
tural and arbori- 
cultural surprises 
confront the visitor 
whithersoever h e 
roams through the 
grounds. A play- 
ground for children 
to make merry in 
has been provided 
through the bene- 
faction of the 
Sharon estate, 
which is fitted with 
merr y-g o-r o u n d s 
and other features 
of special interest 
to juveniles. There 
is also a well- 
stocked aviary ; a 
deer park, in which 
herds of graceful 
animals find shelter; a buffalo paddock, with splendid specimens 
of the horned and bearded herd that once held sway over the 
American prairies — before railroads and Indians and tourists exter- 
minated them; artificial lakes and fountains and waterfalls, suspen- 




ds 
< 
Ph 



GOLDEN GATE PARK 



59 



sion bridges, echo tunnels, baseball and cricket grounds, one of 
the finest conservatories in the country, which is stocked with a 
collection of the rarest tropical plants and orchids in existence, 





ys 







Q 



O 
Q 

o 
c 



O 






a pond enclosed in it containing among oilier things a specimen 
of the gigantic Amazonian water lily, which will be in bloom 
during a great part of the Midwinter Pair, and which the visitor 



60 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 





would look for in vain elsewhere outside of its native habitat and 
the Kew Gardens in London, whence the Park specimen was 
originally obtained. But what may interest the visitor from 
abroad more to know is, that with the exception of those features 

specially included 
within the enclosure 
of the Midwinter 
Exposition, the 
Park, as he sees it 
to-day, is in the 
same condition the 
year round. The 
lawns are always 
green ; the flower- 
ing plants and 
shrubs are always in 
bloom ; the calla 
lily unfolds its pure 
white chalice to the 
> sunbeam of Christ- 
z mas and New Year's 
Z Day as it does when 
i the solar orb reaches 
a the Tropic of Cancer 
p in its yearly transit 
J through the heav- 
2 ens, and the mignon- 
ette and the shy vio- 
let give forth their 
sweet fragrance with 
equal liberality here 
when the deep snows 
of winter cast a 
thick mantle over 
the Eastern visitor's 
home, and the Frost 
King locks its water- 
ways in shackles of 
ice. And for many 
years past free open- 
air instrumental 
concerts have been 
given under the aus- 
pices of the Park Commissioners for the entertainment of visitors, 
by the best military band west of the Rocky Mountains. The 
music stand is a shell-shaped structure, and in the large open area 
fronting it seats have been provided for the accommodation of the 
auditors. These concerts are given every Thursday, Saturday and 




GOLDEN GATE PARK 



61 



Sunday afternoons, rainy days excepted, of course, and thousands 
of persons attend them, by many of whom they are esteemed 
among the chief attractions of the Park. What better evidence 
of the geniality of San Francisco's climate can the visitor from 
abroad reasonably desire ? 

Entrances to the Park- 
There are over twenty public entrances to Golden Gate Park, 
distributed on each side of the reservation. Most of them 
open into it on the eastern end, where the principal improve- 




SUXRO HEIGHTS AND OCKAN B1CACH 

ments for public enjoyment and comfort have been made, and 

where the Fair grounds are located. All entrances, no matter 

where located, are reached by one or other of the street ear 
lines. 

Strawberry II ill— 

The highest elevation in the Park, ;i conical bill, 426 feet 
high, called Strawberry Hill, is crowned with atJ observatory, 
from which is obtained a splendid view of the ocean, oi the Park 
and the surrounding territory. A line driveway leads to the 

summit of the hill, and the Observatory affords a welcome 

shelter to man and beast, onee it is reached, from the chilling 



62 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR j 

ocean breeze. On the summit of this hill also are located the 
Park water reservoir and girdling the base of the hill is a lake 
for boating, while cascades and other charming innovations crop 
out along its flanks. The Park is, of course, being enriched from 
year to year with costly works of art and monuments of dis- 
tinguished men. 

Halleck Monument — 

A colossal figure in dark gray granite of General Henry W. 
Halleck, a California pioneer, and, from 1862 to 1864, General-in- 
Command of the United States Armies, stands in the center of a 




INTERIOR OF PARK CONSERVATORY 

green lawn, half enclosed by rising ground thickly set with trees 
and shrubber}^ adjacent to the Main Drive and midway between 
the Park Lodge and the Music Stand and Carriage Concourse. 
The secluded nook in which this statue stands is supplied with 
seats for the comfort of the wa}^farer. 



Garfield's Monument— 

The bronze figure of the martyred President, James A. Gar- 
field, is one of the most conspicuous of the Park monuments, occu- 
pying one of the most prominent places in it, and surrounded by 
the main drives. The figure of Garfield is ten feet high and it 



GOLDEN GATE PARK 



(33 



stands on a pedestal fourteen feet high. He is represented as he 
was when about to deliver his inaugural address on the 
steps of the Capitol at Washington. At the base of the pedestal 
Columbia sits mourning for her dead. The reliefs on the pedestal 
show Garfield taking the oath of office and other incidents in his 
career. The artist is F. Happersberger, a native of San Francisco. 

Author of "The Star Spangled Banner"— 

In memory of the author of the national hymn, " The Star 
Spangled Banner" — Francis Scott Key — a bronze statue by W. 
W. Story has been erected in Concert Valley, in front of the pres- 




KEARNY STREET, ROOKING NORTH 

cut music stand, as one of the bequests of the late James bick, 
the founder of I,ick Observatory, Lick Public Baths, Lick School of 
Mechanic Arts, and other public institutions. 



The Baseball Pitcher— 

Another statue of rare excellence Is the bronze figure of the 

baseball pitcher, by a Californian deaf-mute. This work of art 
stands by the side of the north drive Leading toward the Pair 

grounds. It has received the highest commendations o[ art 

critics. 



64 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



Drake's Memorial Cross — 

On the north side of Strawberry Hill is the monument erected 
under the auspices of the Episcopal Diocese of Northern Cali- 
fornia in commemoration of the first Christian service of record 
held on the Pacific shores of what is now the United States, 
namely the service held on the shore of Drake's Bay by Francis 

Fletcher, the chaplain of 



rr 



lllllt 



the flagship of Sir Francis 
Drake, when Drake land- 
ed there in 1579. The 
monument is a Celtic 
cross modeled on the 
lines of the ancient cross 
of Monasterboice, Ire- 
land. The stem is richly 
carved after the manner 
of memorial edifices 
among the early Celtic 
Christians. The sub-base 
is seven feet, and the 
whole structure, which 
is made of Colorado sand- 
stone, stands forty feet 
high. The following in- 
scription appears on the 
front : 

"Consecrated October 
25. 1893, by the Church 
Missionary Council, as a 
memorial of the service 
held on the shore of 

Drake's Bay about St. John Baptist's Day, June 24, A. D. 1579, 

by Francis Fletcher, Priest of the Church of England, Chaplain 

of Sir Francis Drake, Chronicler of the Service." 

The following legends are also inscribed on the other side 

of the shaft : 

FIRST CHRISTIAN SERVICE OF KNOWN RECORD ON OUR COAST. 
FIRST USF, OF BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER IN OUR COUNTRY. 




EPISCOPAL MEMORIAL CROSS 



ONE OF THE FIRST RECORDED MISSIONARY PRAYERS ON OUR 

CONTINENT. 

t 

SOLI. 

DEO. 

SIT. SEMPER. 

GLORIA. 

t 






GOLDEN GATE PARK 



65 



The cross has been erected through the generosity of Geo. W. 
Childs, editor of the Philadelphia Ledger, who assumed the entire 
cost of the monument. In clear weather the site of Drake's Land- 
ing may be made out, under the shadow of Point Reyes, from the 
site of the cross. 






Respecting this memorial gift to California Mrs. Mary kynde 
Craig, editor of the Women's Department of the Citrograph^ 
makes this appropriate comment on the unveiling o( the cross: 
"Mr. Childs, whose kindly materialized thoughts apparently 



66 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



know neither financial nor geographical bounds, has on this New 
Year's Day linked the name of Sir Francis Drake, the great cir- 
cumnavigator, wich that of the printer-philanthropist of Phila- 
delphia and the Midwinter Fair of San Francisco. Moreover, 
to us who have watched the progress of political events, it would 
seem a most fitting tribute to the sons of Colorado who have so 
recently, by popular vote, placed upon the head of woman in 







NORTH POINT, I.OOKTNG TOWARD TH£ GATK 

their commonwealth, the crown of the elective franchise. The 
prayer book cross, the Colorado crown and the Midwinter Fair, 
are this day linked together for all time." 



Starr King's Monument— 

A monument to Thomas Starr King, the patriot Unitarian 
Minister of bellum days, stands between the Aviary and the 
Buffalo Paddock. 





iM \ 








-Ik 




ADMINISTRATION BUILDING 



California flidwinter 

International Exposition 

• * • 

Officers — 

President and Director General - - M. H. dk Young 
Vice-President ----- Irwin C. Stump 
Asst. Director Gen. charge Foreign Affairs - R. Cornely 
Treasurer ----- P. N. LiliENThai, 

Executive Secretary - - - Alexander Badt^am 
Financial Secretary - John Hoesch 





president m. h. de young 

Executive Committee— 

M. II. de Young, President, Irwin C. Stump, Vice-Pres.; 
Fulton G. Berry, J. S. Slauson, Eugene Gregory, 
A. Andrews, R. B. Mitchell, J. II. Neff, 

P. N. Lilienthal, Treasurer, Alexander Badlam, Secretary, 



Exposition opened informally January 1, [894. 

Dedicatory Exercises and Permanent Opening, January 27, 1894. 

Exposition closes June 30, [894, 







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THE fllDWINTER FAIR: 

In the I/and of Flowers and Sunshine. 






History of the Exposition— 

The conception of the holding of an International Exposi- 
tion in the middle of the winter season in any part of the 
temperate zone, was a bold one. The credit for it belongs 
unchallenged to M. H. de Young, proprietor of the San Francisco 
Chronicle, while a Director of the Columbian Exposition at 
Chicago ; and its crystalization from a mere suggestion to a 
reality and from a nebulous condition to a tangible creation of 
life and order and substance has been due largely to his energy 
and untiring zeal, ably aided by a corps of co-workers, embraced 
in the Executive Committee, and a skillful staff of assistants to 
superintend the details of the various departments. Mr. de 
Young was very properly chosen the President and Director- 
General of the Exposition. There is no other part of the 
country, except California, where such an undertaking could 
have been attempted. The enterprise was broached on the ist 
of June, and the visitor to the Midwinter P'air looks upon what 
has been planned, developed and executed in the short period of 
seven months. The site was not chosen until July ioth, and 
grading began August 29th. The first contracts for the Exposi- 
tion buildings were awarded vSeptember 19th, and the beautiful 
city now by the Sunset sea has sprung into being in less time 
than three mouths out of the shapeless wilderness. The spirit 
that added the brightest star to the national galaxy, that opened 
the treasure vaults of nature to tide over the nation's needs in 
the hour of its direst extremity, and that furnished the courage 
and the ability to girdle the continent with an iron band over the 
Sierras and the Rockies and across the waterless deserts, is still 
living and California is its abode. 

The Exposition Grounds— 

The grounds occupied by the Exposition cover an area of 

160 acres, lying between the north and south drives, and on 
either side of which stands the Buffalo Paddock, the Children's 
Playground, the Aviary and Strawberry Hill. The main build 

Lngs forma quadrangle. On the east side stands the Manufac 

71 



72 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



tures and Liberal Arts Building, of oriental design, 450 by 200 
feet, built of wood, iron and glass, and covered externally with 
ornamental staff. Fronting it, on the west end of the quad- 
rangle, is the handsome Administration Building, 60 by 40 
feet, and having a dome 100 feet high, which is also constructed 




of similar materials. On the south side of the quadrangle stands 
the Mechanical Arts Building, a structure of somewhat similar 
architectural type to the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, 
but much more ornate externally. It is 340 feet long by 160 feet 



THE FAIR GROUNDS 73 

wide, and has an annex 240 by 70 feet. On the opposite side is a 
building, 300 feet long by 125 feet wide, of an entirely different 
architectural design and strongly suggestive of the old California 
Missions, which have, no doubt, been the source of its inspiration. 
This structure is the Agricultural and Horticultural Building, and 
contains exhibits of those products which have made California 
famous during the past two decades. It is undoubtedly the 
building whose contents will get the earliest and longest attention 
from the Kastern visitor, for in those contents may be said to be 
embodied the wonderful story of the fertility of California's soil 
and the rare quality of its incomparable climate. Here it is that 
practical expression is given, which the mind of the most incred- 
ulous must accept, to California's claim of being a land of 
perennial sunshine, flowing with milk and honey and oil, laden 
with the rich spoils of the harvest and the vintage and the blush- 
ing fruits of the orchard, and gaily adorned with the fragrant and 
beautiful vari-colored draperies of heath, meadow, hill and gar- 
den. Adjoining the Agricultural and Horticultural Building, on 
the north side, and completing the quadrangle, is the Fine Arts 
Building. This structure covers an area of 120 by 60 feet and is 
the only permanent building in the group. It will remain after 
the Exposition's days are ended. It is Egyptian in design, and a 
pair of Sphinxes occupy pedestals in front of the main entrance. 
It is severely plain in architectural style, but the very severity 
of its lines makes it one of the most attractive if not one of the 
most artistic buildings on the grounds. It is constructed of brick 
and iron. All light is secured by skylights. The ground floor 
has a central rotunda, the rest being divided into connecting- 
exhibition rooms. There is a wide exhibition corridor the entire 
length of the building, and a gallery eighteen feet wide. 

Space Awarded Foreign Exhibitors- 
Foreign nations have been awarded the subjoined number of 
square feet in these buildings for the display of their respective 
exhibits : 

Austro-Hungary 3, 000 

Belgium 500 

Canada 1 ,ooo 

Ceylon 2,000 

France 5,000 

Germany 6,000 

Great Britain and Fast Indies 6,000 

Italy 8,000 

Japan 3,000 

Oriental Concessions 2,000 

Russia 22,000 

Spain 800 

Switzerland 2,000 

4 




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THE FAIR GROUNDS 75 

Inside the Quadrangle— 

Inside the quadrangle the grounds have been elaborately laid 
out and planted with palms and other semi-tropical plants, in 
evidence of the semi-tropical nature of the climate with which 
the northern as well as the southern part of the State is favored, 
and that these latitudes are virtually exempt from the dominion 
of King Frost. 

The Electric Tower — 

In the center of the quadrangle stands the electric tower, i's 
apex is 266 feet in the air, and an elevator carries the curious to 
the observation platform, an elevation of 200 feet from the 
ground. 

Outside the Quadrangle — 

Outside the group of exhibition buildings proper, constituting 
the quadrangle, are the various concessions made to private 
exhibitors and to foreign nations, and the various counties of the 
State. 

Vienna Prater — 

Adjoining the east wing of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts 
Building is the Vienna Prater group, comprising three main 
buildings and several bazaars, the concert hall being 200 by 150 
feet. 

Hawaiian Village and Cyclorama — 

The Hawaiian Village and Cyclorama are in the same 
vicinity. 

Santa Barbara Amphibia — 

Adjoining the Cyclorama comes the Santa Barbara Amphibia, 
built after the style of an old Mission, and covering 76 by 56 feet. 

The Chinese Pagoda — 

The Chinese Pagoda stands on the opposite side of the road- 
way leading east toward the Middle Drive. It is 160 feet long 
and 90 feet wide. 

The Monterey Building — 

The Monterey County Building occupies a position in the 
rear, and represents a Mexican rancheria, the tiles on the roof 
having formerly been used as the covering for sonic of the 
buildings attached to the San Carlos Mission, near Carmelo Bay, 
It is 70 feet long by 35 feet wide. 

Santa Clara County— 

The Santa Clara County Building adjoins the Monterey 
County Building. 






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THE FAIR GROUNDS 77 

The Firth Wheel- 
North of the Cyclorama, and in rear of the Hawaiian Village, 
stands the great Firth Wheel, 225 feet in height. 

Streets of Cairo— 

The Oriental Concessions with the Streets of Cairo stand 
behind the Mechanical Arts Building and may be reached from 
the Middle Drive or from the road passing the north end of the 
last named building. It comprises three main buildings and a 
number of bazaars. 

The German Village— 

Almost at the extreme south end of the Exposition grounds 
is the German Village, comprising a representation of Heidelberg 
Castle and seven other buildings typical of German village 
architecture. 

Japanese Village — ^ 

Four main buildings and fifteen tea houses, rockeries and 
fish ponds and gardens constitute the Japanese Village, situated 
near the northwestern corner of the quadrangle at the western end 
of the Agricultural Building. 

Roumania, Servia and Montenegro— 

The Roumanian, Servian and Montenegrin group adjoins the 
Japanese Village on the south. 

Southern California Building- 
It covers 140 feet by 125 feet. Eight counties represented, 
namely : Los Angeles, San Diego, Orange, Riverside, San 
Bernardino, Ventura, San L,uis Obispo and Santa Barbara. 

Northern California Building- 
Contains exhibits from Sacramento, Placer, Butte, Solano, 
Colusa, Napa, Yuba, Siskiyou and Shasta Counties. Each county 
occupies in the building the space named in the following : 
Yuba, 950 square feet ; Napa, 1400 feet ; Solano, 1400 feet ; 
Sacramento, 1400 feet ; Placer, 900 feet; Butte, 900 feet ; Colusa, 
900 feet ; Shasta, 250 feet ; Siskiyou, 250 feet. This building 
covers 180 by 132 feet, and stands west of Administration Building. 

Alameda County Building- 
It covers an area 100 by 75 feet. 

San Joaquin County Building— 

This is a Greek cross, 140 by 100 feet, with colonnade and 
dome. 

Mining Camp of '49— 

Site 450 by 250 feet near Strawberry Hill, Includes the 
Nevada State Building and over twenty other structures. 



78 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



Tulare County— 

This county is represented by a model farm, occupying 80 
by 60 feet. 

Colorado Gold Mine- 
Near eastern entrance to Exposition grounds. 

Scenic Railway — 

The Scenic Railway begins near the east gate to the Exposi- 
tion grounds and follows the meanderings of the South Drive 
until it reaches the southern entrance to the quadrangle where it 
doubles on itself. 

Boone's Arena — 
Moorish Mirror Maze — 
The Esquimaux Village — 
Arizona Indian Village — 
Sioux Indian Village — 
Anne Hathaway's Cottage, (British) — 
Are all on the south side of the South Drive. 

Festival Hall- 
West end of grounds. Building 141 by 133 feet; height, 72 feet. 

Ostrich Farm — 

One of the most interesting live exhibits on the Fair grounds 
is that contained in the Norwalk Ostrich Farm, which is located 

on the west side of the South 
Drive, almost in the rear of the 
Administration Building. The 
exhibit consists of upwards of 
thirty ostriches, ranging in age 
from two months to ten years, all 
being from the original stock im- 
ported from South Africa in 1886. 
The largest bird in the collection 
stands eight feet high and weighs 
250 pounds. Visitors to the Fair 
will have an opportunity of wit- 
nessing every stage in the develop- 
ment of an ostrich and the produc- 
tion of an ostrich plume. A pair 
of ostriches are worth from $50 to $600 according to age and 
quality of feathers. Kvery feature connected with ostrich farm- 
ing in this State is quite as favorable to the industry as in South 
Africa, with the additional advantage that the California birds 
mature earlier without impairment to the value of the feathers. 
The exhibit is in charge of Edwin Cawston, proprietor of Norwalk 
Ostrich Farm, Norwalk, California, who will freely impart all 
information desired by visitors. The cost of admission to the 
exhibit is twenty-five cents. 




THE FAIR GROUNDS 79 

Free List at the Fair — 

The admission fee to the Fair Grounds, which is paid at the 
entrance gate, is fifty cents. It is good for one day only, and it 
entitles the visitor to free access to the following buildings : 

Administration Marine Cafe (fish on exhibition 
Agricultural and Horticultural cooked to order) 

Alameda County Mechanical Arts 

Anne Hathaway's Cottage Monterey County 

(British) Northern California 

Canadian Oregon 

Central Court (including electric San Joaquin County 

tower, fountains and gardens) San M ateo County 

Chocolate Pavilion Santa clara county 

Concert Stand (Iowa and Mid- Santa Cruz County 

winter Fair Bands) 
Festival Hall 
Fine Arts 



Southern California 
Taber's Photographic 



Vienna Prater (with yodlers and 
German Tavern round labies ) 

Humboldt County Yaqui Pottery Makers 

Manufactures 

[Nevada State Building is enclosed in the Forty-nine Mining 
Camp, and is not included, therefore, in the free list.] 



Side-show Charges- 
After entering the Fair Grounds, there are forty-one side 

shows, independent of the exhibition buildings, to which the 
visitor gains admission by the payment of a special fee. The full 
list of their charges is as follows : 

Admission to Fair Grounds $o 50 

Arizona Curiosities. . 25 

Automatic Race-course 25 

Balloon (captive) Grounds 10 

Balloon Trip ... 50 

Boone's Arena 50 

Cairo Street 10 

Camel Ride 25 

Chinese Building 25 

Chinese Theatre 25 

Colorado Gold Mine 25 

Dancing Girls 25 

Dante's Inferno 25 

Donkey Ride 15 

Egyptian I [all 25 

Electric Theatre 25 

Esquimanx Village 25 

Firth Wheel 25 

Footc's Museum 25 

Forty-nine Dance I louse 25 




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THE FAIR GROUNDS 81 

Side-show Charges— Concluded 

* Forty-nine Mining Camp $o 25 

Forty-nine Theatre 25 

Grand Stand (Athletic Grounds) 25 

Green's Sculpture Exhibit 25 

Haunted Swing 25 

Hawaiian Cyclorama 50 

Hawaiian Village , 25 

Heidelberg Castle 10 

Heidelberg Concert Hall 25 

Japanese Village 25 

Merry-go-round 5 

Moorish Mirror Maze 25 

Mummy Exhibit 10 

Oriental Concert. 25 

Oriental Theatre 25 

Oriental Village , 25 

Ostrich Farm 25 

Phonograph 5 

Roumanian Concert Hall 25 

Santa Barbara Sea Iyions 25 

Scenic Railroad 10 

White Cloud Indians 25 

Total $10 10 

* The Nevada State Building is inclosed in the Forty-nine 
Mining Camp. 



The expense, once inside the Fair Grounds, may be increased 
by the visitor ad libitum by investments in curios, mementoes, 
flowers and refreshments. 

Cost of Fair Buildings— 

The following amounts have been spent on the buildings : 

Administration $ 3r,ooo 

Agricultural and Horticultural 55,000 

Annex Liberal Arts 8,500 

Alameda County 5,000 

Arizona Curios 4,000 

Anne Hathaway \s Cottage 6,000 

Balloon (captive) 5,000 

Boone's Arena 4,000 

Canadian Headquarters 4,000 

Chinese Village 15,000 

Chocolate Pavilion (1,000 

Dante's Enferno 3,500 

Electrical Tower So, 000 



82 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

Cost of Fair Building's— Concluded 

Esquimaux Village $ i ,000 

Fine Arts 55, 000 

Festival Hall 15,000 

Flemish Dairy 1,000 

Firth Wheel 35,000 

Fountains (2) 30,000 

Hawaiian Village 8,000 

Heidelberg Schloss 10,000 

Hunter's Hall 2,000 

Haunted Swing 2,000 

Japanese Village 4,000 

Manufactures and Liberal Arts 106,000 

Mechanical Arts 75, 000 

Mirror Maze 2,000 

Mining Camp 2,500 

Monterey County 5, 000 

Nevada State 5, 000 

Northern California 

Oregon 5, 000 

Oriental Village 45, 000 

Old Paris 2,000 

Ostrich Farm 2,000 

Roumanian 2,500 

Race Course 3, 000 

San Joaquin County 10,000 

San Mateo County 5, 000 

Santa Cruz County .... 3, 000 

Santa Clara County 5, 000 

Southern California 10,000 

Santa Barbara Seals 5, 000 

Scenic Railroad 12,000 

Yaqui Indian Village 1,000 

County and State Commissioners — 

Following is a list of State Commissioners : 

Commissioners at Large in California— Cragie Sharp, Jr., Wm, 
H. Murray. 

Montana— Thomas G. Merrill. 

Nevada State— M. D. Foley, Evan Williams, W. E. Sharon. 
Oregon State— Geo. T. Meyer and Capt. H. E. Mitchell, Portland. 
Utah Territory — Secretary Chamber of Commerce, Salt Lake. 
Washington State— J. T. Ronald, Seattle, 

California Counties— 

Following is a list of the California Commissioners for the 
various counties : 

Alameda— Frank J. Moffitt, J. P. McDonald, H. W. Meek. Jas. P. Crane, C. 
S. Dennison, Oakland. 

Alpine — Frank Smith, Markleyville. 



THE FAIR GROUNDS 83 

California Counties — Continued 

Amador— G. It. Breese, Chairman; J. T. Parks, Chas. L. Culbert, George 
Woolley. 

Butte— C. L. Stilson, Chieo. 

Calaveras— A. L. Willie, Chairman, San Andreas; A. H. Messenger, C. 
M. Burleson, Otto Dolling, Capt. H. A. Messenger, 

Colusa— Oscar Robinson, M. Eddy, L. F. Moulton, W. F. Ford, D. H. 
Arnold. 

Contra Costa — A. A. Bailey, Martinez; Patrick Toomey, Hanz Rook, 
R. C. Leny, Chas. Montgomery, S. Fargeon, J. M. Stone, Read McCroney, 

E. Terry. 

Del Norte— J. L. Childs, Crescent City; Judge Murphy, Frank Frantz, 
Thomas Duffey. 

El Dorado— A. S. Basquit, Placerville. 

Fresno— W. A. Shepherd, Fresno; S. W. Marshall, W. S. Badger, D. T. 
Fowler, F. G. Berry. 

Glenn— -N. K. Spect, W. A. Shoen, G. V. St. Louis. 

Humboldt— Oscar D. Stem, Eureka. 

Inyo— Dennis J. Hessian, Independence. 

Kern— N. R. Pockard, Bakersfleld. 

Kings— Dr. Lucius E. Felton, Hanford; E. E. Bush, G. M. Stolp, D. 
Lucas. 

Lake— Wm. L. Anderson, Lakeport; W. G.Young, W. A. Maxwell, Jerry 
Anderson, W. A. Thompson, J. Penticost, Col. C. Crawford, J. H. Cranks, 

F. W. Gibson, Daniel Jones, Samuel Graham, Nathan Graham, Dr. C. J. 
Clark. 

Lassen — W. H. Burrill, Susanville. 

Los Angeles — T. H. Ward, Los Angeles; J. S. Slaussen, Chairman; L. J. 
Rose, Charles Forman, J. W. Cook, C. D. Willard, Secretary. 

Madera— J. S. Osborn,W. E. Wolf, B. W. Child, Madera. 

Marin— Thos. S. Borineau, San Rafael; J. D. Sperry, George D. Shearer, 
George W. Burbank. 

Mariposa — Maurice Newman, Mariposa. 

Mendocino— Hale McGowen, Ukiah; W. D. White, W. P.Thomas, Mrs. 
Anna M. Reed, Carl Purdy, Chairman. 

Merced— John G. Elliott, Merced; C. W. Wood, N. H. Wilson, Mrs. J. A. 
Robinson. 

Modoc — Marion Hughes, Alturas. 

Mono— J. D. Murphy, Bridgeport; J. II. Leggett, Jno. W. Kelly, R. T. 
Pierce, H. O. Pitts. 

Monterey — T. J. Riordon, Salinas; Hon. J. D. Carr, David Jacks, Julius 
Trescony. 

Napa— D. Shakespear, Napa; W. W.Lyman, Leoaard Coates, Chas. F. 
Wood. 

Nevada— John J. Geony, Nevada City. 

Orange— J). T. Brock, Santa Ana. 

Placer— John A. Fischer, Chairman, Auburn; Wm. J. May, E. W. Mas- 
lin, A. Moger, W. B. Gester, Auburn. 

Plumas — W. H. Leek, Quincy. 

Riverside— J. H. Newberry, Chairman, Riverside; E, E. Hamilton, F. T. 
Leidenberger. 

Sacramento— E. Greer, Chairman, Sacramento; AY. B. Hamilton, David 
Reese, T. B. Hall. 

San Benito— G. M. Foote, Hollister; Thomas McMahon, .lames A. Schole- 
field, William Palmtag. 

»S'a?i Bernardino— Chas. D. Hamilton, San Bernardino; Soipio Craig, J. 
C. Lynch, T. S. [ngraham, Chairman, 

San Diego— W. H. Holcomb, San Diego; Banner P. McKoon, Ralph 
Granger, R. II. Young. 

San Francisco — M. C. Haley, San Francisco. 

San Joaquin \v. A. Daggett, Stockton; E. L. Conlan, E. Fisk, C. W. 
Yallond, m. T. Noyes, v. a. Buell, a. A.shley, .1. D. Gal, a. .1. Lassen, Jos. 
Hoffman, Lodi. 

San Luis Obispo -Chas. \v. Dana, San Luis Obispo. 

San Mateo .). T. Johnson, Redwood city; C, E. Knopp. R, 1. Knopp, 

K. I*. Thompson. 



84 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

California Counties — Concluded 

Santa Barbara— P. J. Barber, Chairman, Santa Barbara; T. L. Kellogg, 

A. S. Cooper. 

Santa Clara— S. W. Baring, San Jose; J. T. N. Burke, Philo Hersey, 
O. A. Hale, J. W. Ryland, T. L. Montgomery, W. E. Howley, C. N. Waster, 
J. H. Flickinger, W. C. Andrews, E. Goodrich, Wm. Fuller. 

Santa Cruz— A. P. Stanton, Chairman, Santa Cruz; E. Martin, Henry 
Meyrick, S. F. Thorn, Grand Hotel, S. F. ; E. G. Green, Santa Cruz. 

Shasta— A. J. Deynoir, Redding; Adam Schuman, Dr. J. H. Miller, J. 
N. Cheaves. 

Sierra— A. J. Merout, Downieville. 

Siskiyou— Geo. D. Butter, Yreka; W. McBride. 

Solano— H. E. Willott, Vallejo; Frank H. Bucks, F. L. Buck, Geo. A. 
Gillespie, E. M. McGettingan, I. Brown, R. J. Curry, D. M. Hart. 

Sonoma— Wm. F. Wines, Santa Rosa; John Merritt, Jonathan Roberts, 
Robt. A. Poppe. 

Stanislaus— J . A. Lewis, Modesto. 

Sutter— B. F. Watson, Yuba City; C. R. Wilcoxon, R. C. Kells, H. B. 
Stabler. 

Tehama— -W. R. Hall, Red Bluff; R. H. Blossom, N. P. Chipman, James 
Copeland. 

Trinity— R. L. Carter, Weaverville; E. H. Benjamin, Weaverville. 

Tulare— W. H. Hammond, Visalia; G. W. Tozier, Tulare; M. J. Rouse, 

B. F. Bishop, Emil Newman, Philip Buyer. 

Tuolumne— T>. M. Ortega, Sonora; John B. Boyle. 

Ventura— A. S. Kenogy, Ventura; Hon. Thomas R. Bard, N. Blackstock, 
F. A. Foster, E. O. Gerberding. 

Yolo— R. W. Pendergast, Woodland. 

Yuba— J. K. Hare, Marysville; R. W. Skinner, E. A. Forbes, W. B. Meek, 
J. H. Durst, J. R. Trainor, W. T. Ellis, Jr., G. W. Hainey, Louis Conrath, Jas. 
O. Gates. 

Foreign Commissioners — 

Following are the names of the Foreign Commissioners : 

Argentine Republic— Don Carlos Gallardo, Commissioner-General. 

Austria- Hungary — Raphael Kuhe, Commissioner General; O. Moser, 
Assistant Commissioner. 

Belgium— Emile Ramlot, Commissioner-General. 

Dominion of Canada— A. C. Oldenburg, Commissioner-General. 

Denmark — Vice-Consul Otto A. Dreier, Commissioner-General. 

Prance— Leopold Bonet, Commissioner-General; F. W. Hemler and 
Hugo Benedix, Assistants Commissioner-General. 

German Empire — Herman Hillger, Commissioner-General. 

Great Britain and British Colonies — J. H. Stiles, Commissioner-General. 

Republic of Honduras— Dr. W. T. Thackeray, Commissioner-General. 

Italy — Chevalier T. Solombra, Commissioner-General ; A. Mackie, 
Assistant Commissioner-General and Commissioner of Manufactures. 

Japan — Frans A. Koidzumi, Commissioner-General; V.J. Zola, Assist- 
ant Commissioner-General. 

Republic of Liberia— Consul William Edmundorf Rothery, Commis- 
sioner-General. 

Republic of Mexico— Colonel George M. Green, Commissioner-General. 

Monaco— A. Mackie, Commissioner-General. 

Netherlands — E. Wilkins, Commissioner-General. 

Oriental Countries — Count E. de Valcourt Vermont, Commissioner- 
General; Albert Souhami, Assistant Commissioner-General. 

Portugal — Alexandre Michelson, Commissioner-General. 

Roumania, Servia and Montenegro— Consul W. E. von Johannson, Com- 
missioner-General. 

Russia — Gregoire Gelesnogradoff, Commissioner-General. 

Spain— Frederick Mayer, Commissioner-General. 

Norway— Maurice Lundin, Commissioner General. 

Swiss Republic— Benno Obermayer, Commissioner- General. 

Republic of Costa Rica,— Theodore H. Mangel, Commissioner-General. 

Republic of Guatemala— Charles W. Kohlsaat, Commissioner-General. 
Ceylon— J. R. Foster, Commissioner-General. 



THE FAIR GROUNDS 85 

Days Set for Special Celebrations— 

The following dates have been set for special celebrations : 

January ist — Opening Day. 

January 27th — Dedication Day. 

January 29th — Butte County Day. 

February 8th —Musical Festival ; Pacific Coast Bill Posters' 
Association. 

February 9th — Pacific Association of P'ire Chiefs. 

February 10th — Amateur Athletic Association Sports. 

February 12th — Independent Order of Good Templars. 

February 14th — North Dakota. 

February 15th — State of Idaho. 

February 17th — Klks' Day ; Amateur Athletic Association 
Sports. 

February 19th — Southern California. 

February 20th — Young Men's Institute. 

February 21st — Santa Cruz County. N 

February 22d — N. G. C. Tournament; California Bankers. 

February 23d — State of Maryland ; Commercial High School 
and California Bankers' Association ; Children's Day. 

February 24th — Amateur Athletic Association Sports. 

February 27th — San Bernardino County. 

February 28th — French Colony. 

March 3d — Amateur Athletic Association Sports. 

March Sth — Vermont Day. 

March 9th— University of Pacific ; Japanese Day. 

March 10th — Russian Day. 

March 12th — State of Michigan. 

March 13th — Teachers' Congress. 

March 14th — Sierra County ; Italian Reception. 

March 15th — Maine Day. 

March 16th — Geographical Congress. 

March 17th— St. Patrick's Day; Irish Sports. 

March 19th — San Francisco's Day; Mystic Argonauts. 

March 20th — Musicians' Union. 

March 22d — State of Nevada and Ventura County. 

March 23d — Stanford University. 

March 24th — Amateur Athletic Association Sports. 

March 26th— Oregon Day. 

March 28th — Santa Barbara Day. 

March 29th — Kern County Day. 

March 31st — Amateur Athletic Association Sports, 

April 2(1 — Canadian Day. 

April 3d — Knights and Ladies of Honor. 

April 4th — Press Congress. 

April 5th — Slate of Indiana. 

April 6th— Girls' High School ; Kansas Day. 

April 9th — Belgian Day, 

April 10th— San Diego, 



86 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

Days Set for Special Celebrations— Continued 

April nth — University of California. 

April 1 2th — Order of Chosen Friends. 

April 13th — Fresno County. 

April 14th — Amateur Athletic Association Sports. 

April 16th— Oakland High School ; Catholic Ladies' Aid 
Society. 

April 17th — Ancient Order of Foresters ; Companions of the 
Forest. 

April 18th — Grocers' Day. 

April 19th — Humboldt County. 

April 20th — Native Sons and Daughters of the Golden West. 

April 21st — Amateur Athletic Association Sports. 

April 23d — Poet's Day, Shakespeare's Day ; St. George's 
Society. 

April 24th — Austrian Empire ; Horticultural Congress. 

April 25th — I. O. O. F. and California Volunteers. 

April 26th — I. O. O. F. and Daughters of Rebekah. 

April 27th — Grand Army of the Republic. 

April 28th — Boys' Brigade. 

April 30th — Danish Day. 

May 1st — California Day ; Our Children's Day. 

May 2d — Colored Americans. 

May 3d — Merced and Mariposa ; College Professors' Ass'n. 

May 4th — Firemen's Day; South Dakota Day. 

May 5th — Steam Engineers ; Olympic Club. 

May 7th — San Rafael Rose Festival ; Cal. Pharmacy Society. 

May 8th — Mendocino County ; College of Pharmacy. 

May 9th — German Day, Mayday Festival. 

May 10th — Solano County ; University Debates. 

May nth — Mills Seminary ; Viticultural Day. 

May 12th — Independent Order of Red Men ; Tammany. 

May 14th — Swedish Day. 

May 15th— Old Friends. 

May 1 6th — United Ancient Order of Druids. 

May 17th — State of Minnesota ; Norwegian Day. 

May 18th — Women's Christian Temperance Union ; San 
Mateo. 

May 19th — Knights of Pythias. 

May 21st — Medical Congress ; St. Mary's College. 

May 22d — Miners' Congress. 

May 23d — Butchers' Day. 

May 24th — British Empire Day. 

May 25th — Napa County. 

May 26th — Letter Carriers' Day. 

May 28th — Eastern California Pioneers. 

May 29th — Kings County Day ; Hahnemann College. 

May 30th — Decoration Day; Memorial Services and Parade. 



THE FAIR GROUNDS 87 

Days Set for Special Celebrations— Concluded 
May 31st — Oriental, or Ottoman, Day. 
June 1st — Aldermen's Day. 

June 2d — Italian Day ; Foreign Military Tournament. 
June 4th — Monterey County. 
June 5th — North and South Carolina. 

June 6th — St. Ignatius and Santa Clara Colleges ; Maine Day. 
June 7th — Portuguese Day and " The Berlins." 
June 8th— Horticultural Day. 

June 9th — Ancient Order of Foresters of America. 
June nth — Hawaiian Day. 

June 12th — Texas Day; California Medical College. 
June 13th — Dental Association. 
June 14th — Santa Clara County. 
June 15th — Swiss Day ; Sonoma County. 
June 16th — Scotch Day and Scottish Sports. 
June 18th — Bunker Hill and Tuolumne County Reunion. N 
June 19th — Ancient Order of United Workmen. 
June 20th — Sacramento Day. 

June 21st — San Francisco Federation of Women. 
June 22d — Montenegro, Servia and Roumania Day. 
June 23d — Finlandish Day. 
June 25th — Tulare County. 
June 26th — Woodmen of the World. 
June 27th — Cooper Medical College. 
June 28th — Pacific Coast Commercial Travelers. 
June 29th — Spanish Day. 
June 30th — Sunset Day. 

Note— 

On every Saturday, whether noted or not in the foregoing 
list, Amateur Athletic Association Sports will be included in the 
programme. 

Suoday at the Fair— 

The Midwinter Exposition will be open every day through 
the season, Sundays included ; but no special arrangement has 
been made by the Executive Committee for the latter in the list 
of " Special Days." Sunday dates have, consequently, been 
omitted from the foregoing list. 

Foreign Consuls — 

Foreigners visiting the Fair desiring to confer with the local 
representatives of their respective nations will find the following 
list of service : 

Argentine Republic .1. L. Bchleiden, Consul, l>ot Battery, 
Austro- Hungarian Empire Francis Etorbel, Consul, 808 Battery. 
Belgium Wilfrid B. Chapman, Consul, c. 1,. Tamm, Vice-Consul, 123 
California. 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



Foreign Consuls — Concluded 

Bolivia— F. Herrera, Consul, 218 California. 

Brazil— D. L. Randolph, Vice-Consul, 12 Montgomery. 

Chile— Nephtali Guerrero, Consul-General, 621 Clay; W. D. Catton, Vice- 
Consul, 430 California. 

China— Li Yung Yew, Consul-General; King Owyang, Vice-Consul, 806 
Stockton. 

Columbia— Adolfo Canal, Consular Agent, 319 California. 

Costa Rica— Rafael Gallegos, Consul-General, 230 California. 

Denmark— J. Simpson, Consul, 22 California. 

Ecuador— John T. Wright, Consul, 640 Market. 

France— L. de Lalande, Consul; E. A. Pesoli, Vice-Consul, 604 Com- 
mercial. 

German Empire— Adolph Rosenthal, Consul-General; Oswald Lohan, 
Vice-Consul, 318 Sacramento. 

Great Britain— Denis Donohoe, Consul; Welleslev Moore, Vice-Consul, 
506 Battery. 

Greece— D. G. Camarinos, Consul, 519 Sansome. 

Guatemala— J. Diaz Duran, Consul, 204 Front, room 18. 

Hawaiian Is lands— Charles S. Wilder, Consul-General, 206 Sansome. 

Honduras— John T. Wright, Consul, 640 Market. 

Italy— G. Branchi, Consul- General; Cesare Poma, Vice-Consul, 506 
Battery. 

Japan— Sutemi Chinda, Consul, Phelan Building. 

Mexico— Alex.. K. Coney, Consul-General, 604 Clay. 

Netherlands— James de Fremery, Consul; W. C. B. de Fremery, Vice- 
Consul, 530 California. 

Nicaragua— William L. Merry, Consul-General, 204 Front, room 2. 

Paraguay — P. J. Van Loben Sells, Consul. 

Peru — J. Emilio Lassus, Consul-General, 606 Montgomery. 

Portugal— J . de Costa Duarte, Consul, 605 Clay; H. Laidley, Vice-Consul, 
323 Montgomery. 

Russia— Vladimir Arisimovitch, Consul; Horace G. Piatt, Vice-Consul, 
411^ California. 

Roumania—W. E. Von Johannsen, Consul, 220 California. 

Salvador— J. M. Roma, Consul, 123 California. 

Spain— Jorge Madrilley, Consul, 411^ California. 

Sweden and Norway — Henry Lund, 214 California. 

Switzerland— Antoine Borel, Consul, 311 Montgomery. 

Turkey— George E. Hall, Consul, 329 Market. 

Uruguay— Jose Costa, Consul, 330 Montgomery. 

Venezuela— Alexander E. Grogan, Consul, 318 California. 







Spanish Nomenclature. 

* * * 

Names of Places and Thing's 

From Indian and Spanish Sources. 

¥ * * 

Many names which the tourist will hear mentioned in Cali- 
fornia are of Spanish or Indian derivation, and will consequently 
sound unfamiliar. The following is a list of the majority of the 
names in common use, with their meaning and, what is of much 
more value to the uninitiated, their pronunciation. 

Adonde (ah-rfon-day). Whereto. 

Agua Caliente (a/i-gua cal-e-am-tay). Hot water. 

Alameda (ah-lah-mav-dah). Lit., a grove of poplars; a shaded walk. 

ALAMiLLO(ah-lah-mee^-yo). A place of poplars. 

Albuquerque (ai-boo-ker-kay). A family name. 

Alcatraz (a£-cat-ras). Pelican. 

Algodones (al-go do-nais). Lit., cottons; cotton lands. 

Aliso (all-ee-so) Alder-bush. 

Almaden (al-m ah -dain). A place of mineral deposits. 

Alturas (al foo-ras). Heights. 

Alvarado (alvar-a/i-da). A launching place for ships. 

alviso (al-ve-so). A view. 

Amador (ah-mah-dor). Lover. 

Arroyo, or Arroyo Seco (ar-ro-yo say -co). A wash made by water; not a 
creek or river, and shallower than a canyon. 

Azusa (ah-soo-sah). A provocation; annoyance. The word is colloquial. 

Ballona (bal-?/o-nah). If spelled Ballina (bal-^/e-nah), it would mean 
whale. 

Bella Vista (6a?7-ya vees-tnh). Pretty view. 

Benicia (ben ee-shah). Should be Venecia; Venice. 

Bernal (ber-nal). Proper name. 

Bepnalillo (ber-nal-ee-yoL Little Bernal. 

Buenaventura (b'wam-ah-vaiii-£oo-rah). Good fortune; also, a frequent 
proper name. 

Buena Vista (b'loam-ah vees-t&h). Good view. 

Cajon (cah hone) C»ja, a box; cajon, a big box; Cajon Pass, " box pass." 

Calaveras (cal ah vay-rsis). Plu. Rattle-pates; mad-caps; didoes. 

Canyon Diablo. Canyon. The Spanish spelling is " canon," and pro- 
nounced can-on by persons not accustomed. The Spanish pronuncia- 
tion is c&n-yone; the American, can-yon. It means the bore of a gun : 
calibre; a groove; in artillery, the pun itself. As used ordinarily it 
means a ravine with steep sides between hills or mountains, or a deep 
fissure. Canyon Diablo (de-a/i bio), Devil's canyon; canyoncito (see- 
to), little canyon. 

Carmelita (carmel-e-tah). A flower. 

Casa Grande (cah sah gran-day). Big house. 

Cabbizo (carr-ee so). A reed grass, 

Cebro Gobdo (sair-ro gror-do). Thick ridge. 

CEBILLOS, LOS (sail* eel-yose. Piu. Small round hills. 

CEBITOS (^air-e-tose). Little ridges. 

CHAVES (chah-V&iB). A family name. 

CHIC0 (cAe-CO). Little. 

CHIN0 (rhe-no). A Chinaman. 

ClENEOA (se-am-e-ga). A swamp. 

Golobado (eo-lo-mh do). Red. 
Cobdebo (ooT-day-To). a Lamb. 

COBONADO (co TO-nah-do). A family name. Lit., " The Crowned." 
COBBAL (cor-ral). A pen ; an outdoor inclosure. 

89 



90 



ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 



Cue among A (ku-cah-??io?i-ga). If this word were spelled with a v j '' in the 
place of the "g,'" the word would mean an uncomplimentary reflec- 
tion on a nun. 

De Luz (day loos). Lit., of light. 

Del Mar (dail-raar). Of the sea. 

Dos Cabezas (dose cah-bay-sas). Two heads. 

Dos P almas (dose pafd-mss. Two palms. 

Dos Valles (dose vcU-yais). Two valleys. 

El Dorado (ail do-mft-do). The golden: in modern use "dorado" means 
gilt, washed. 

El Moling (ail mo-lee-no). The mill. 




El Monte (ail roon-tav). The wood. 

El Paso (ail pa/i-so). ' The pass.— Del Norte (dail nor-te). The pass of the 

North. 
El Pito (ail ree-to). The rite: the ceremony. 
Encinitas (ain-say-/?6-tas). Little oaks. 
Esperanza (ais-per-a/2-sa). Hope. 
Estrella (ais-f?-a^-vah). A star. 
Farrallones (fair-al-//o-nais). Plu. Small peaked islands rising out of the 

sea, Farol (fah-ro?e). Aheacon. 
Fresno (frais-no). Ash tree. 
Gallinas fgal-?/e-nas). Hens. 



SPANISH NOMENCLATURE 91 

Garcia (gar-ce-ah). A family name; equivalent of Smith or Jones. 

Garrote (gar-ro-tay). Instrument for capital punishment. 

Gavanzo (gar-t>aft-so). A pea; pea vine or bloom. 

Gavilan (gah-ve-Zcm). A hawk. 

Gaviota (gah-ve-o-tah). A sea-gull. 

Goleta (go-lay-t&h). A schooner. 

Graciosa (gran-se-o/i-sah). Kind. 

Granada (gran-a/i-dah). A pomegranate; renowned; powerful; fruitful. 

Hermosillo (air-mo-seeZ-vo). Little beauty. Hermosa (air-mo-sah). Beau- 
tiful. 

Hornitos (or-ne-tose.) Little ovens. Horno (or-no), an oven. 

Hualapai (iw/iaZ-a-pah-e). 

Indio (eew-de-o). Indian. 

Jicarillo (hic-ah-reeZ-yo). Should be spelled Jacarillo. A braggart, a 
boaster. 

Jimenez (he-may-nais). A family name. 

Jornada (hor-na/i-dah). A journey. Jornada del Muerto (dail ilf uer to), 
the journey of death. 

Las Animas (lahs ah-ne mas). Plu. The souls. 

La Canada (lah can-ya/i-dah). The glen; a vale. 

Las Casitas (lahs can set&sj. Plu. The little houses. 

Las Cruces (lahs croo-sais). The crosses. 

Laguna (lah-groo-nah). A lake. 

La Joya (la /io-yah). The jewel. 

La Panza (lah pan-s&h). The paunch. 

La Puenta (lah-p'wam-tay). The point of land. 

La Punta (lah poon- tah). The point. 

Las Flores (lahs^o-rais^). The flowers. 

La Junta (lah hoon- tah). The junction. 

Las Vegas (lahs wy-gas). The meadows. 

Lerdo (lehr-do). Dull; obtuse; thick-headed. 

Linda (toi-dah). Pretty. 

Lobos (fobose). Plu. Wolves. 

Los Alamos (loee aM-ah-mose). Plu. The poplars. 

Los Angeles (los on-hel-ais). Plu. The angels. 

Los Cueros (lose quer-ose). Plu. The hides. 

Los Gatos (lose gah-tose). Plu. The cats. 

Los Lomos (lose Zo-mose). Plu. The hills. 

Los Medanos (lose may-dcm-os). Plu. Sandbanks on tha sea-shore. 

Los Nietos (lose nee a-tos). Plu. The grandchildren. 

Los Robles (lose ro-blais). Plu. The oaks. 

Madera (mah-da?/-rah). Wood in general. 

Madron, madrono (m&h-drone). Name of tree. 

Manitou (man ay-to). The Supreme Power. 

Manuelito (man-wale-e-to). Little Emanuel. 

Manzanito (man-zahn-e-to). Lit. Liitle apple. A California shrub. 

Mariposa (mah-re-po-sah). Butterfly. 

Mendocino (men-do-se no). Lit. A little liar. 

Merced (mer-said). Mercy. 

Mesa (may-sah). Tableland. 

Mesilla (may-sed-yah). Little flat-topped hill. 

Mesquite (mes-keei). A shrub of the acacia family. 

Milpitas (meel-pee-tas). Lit. A thousand whistles. 

Modesto (mo-dcm-to). Modest. 

Monte Diablo (mon-tay dee-a/i-blo). Devil mountain. 

Montecito (mon-t&y-se-to). Little mountain. 

Monterey (mon-tay-ra?/). King's mountain. 

Morena (mo-ra?/-na). Brown. 

Nacimiento (nah-se-me-am-to). Lit. A birth. 

Nogales (no-paZ-ais). Plu. Walnut trees. 

Ollita ( ole-?/e-tah ). A little water jar. Sometimes spelled on maps 
"Oleta/' 

Oro Grande (gran-d&y). Lit. Big gold. 

Pacheco (pah-chay-co). A harmless little fellow. 

Pa.iaro (pa/i-hah-ro). A bird. 

Pala (pa/i-lah). A wooden shovel. 

Pasadena (pas-ah-dcn/-nah). Probably a corruption of " PaA-SO-deh-datn," 
"Gate of Eden." 

Paso ROBLES (;>a//-so ro-blais). Oak pass. 

Pescadero (pais-Q&h-d&y-To). A fishing place. 

Picacho (pe-ca/i-cno). Peak. 

Pinole (pe-?*o-lay). Parched corn, ground and mixed with sugar and water 

as a drink, or used as food. 
PiStoN (peen-j/one). A nut-bearing pine. 
Placer (play-sair). The place near a stream whore free gold is found. 

Pleasure. 
Plumas fploo-mas). Feathers. 
Poncho (\)onv-cho). A cloak like a square or round blanket with a slit in the 

center for the head to pass through. 
Potrero (po-tray-ro). A place for raising colts; stock-farm. 



92 ALL ABOUT THE MIDWINTER FAIR 

Presidio (pray-see-de-o). A garrison of soldiers; a penitentiary. 

Puente (p'wcmi-tay). A point of land. 

Rancho, Ranchita, etc. Farm buildings. 

Raton (rah-fcme). A mouse. Rata (ra/i-tah) means a rat. 

Rio, Rio Vista, Rio Grande, etc. (re-oh vees-tay; anm-day). A river, river 
view, big river. 

Rosario {ro-sah re-o). A rosary. 

Sacramento (sah-crah-mam-to). A sacrament. 

Salinas (sal-e-nas). Places of salt. 

San Andreas (and-rcus). Saint Andrews. 

San Antonio (an-tone-yo). St. Anthony. 

San Bernardino (ber-nard-e-no^. St. Bernard. 

San Dimas (de-mas). St. Demas. 

San Diego (de-a-go). St. James. 

San Dieguito (de-a-ae to). Little St. James. 

San Fernando. St. Ferdinand. 

San Gabriel (g&b-re-ail). St. Gabriel. 

San Gorgonio (gor-gone-jo). St. Gregory. 

San Jacinto (hah-seen-to). St. Jacinth. 

San Jose (ho-say). St. Joseph. 

San Juan (h'wan). St. John. 

San Juan Capistrano (cah-pees-Zra/>-o). St. John the chanter. 

San Joaquin (b.'wa,h- keen). St. Joaquin. 

San Marcial (mar-ce-aZ). St. Martial. 

San Mateo (mat-a-o). St. Matthew. 

San Miguel (me-gaii). St. Michael. 

San Pablo {pah-bio). St. Paul. 

San Pascual (pahs-qwaO. Holy Easter. 

San Pedro (pay-dro). St. Peter. 

San Rafael ( rah -fa h -ail). St. Raphael. 

San Tomas. St. Thomas. 

Santa Ana; Anita (a/i-nah; an-we-tah). St. Ann; little St. Ann; pro- 
nounced Santonah, Santanetah. 

Santa Barbara. St. Barbara. 

Santa Catalina (cat-ah-Ze-nah). St. Catherine. 

Santa Clara. St. Clara. 

Santa Cruz (croos). Holy Cross. 

Santa Fe (fay). Holy Faith. 

Santa Monica (mon-e-cah). St. Monica. 

Sapinero (sah-pe-natz-ro). Sapino, a kind of pine; a grove of such. 

Sausalito (sow-sah-Ze-to). A little willow. 

Sepulvida (say-pooZ-ve-dah.) 

Sierra Madre (se-aza rah mad-ray). Mother Range. 

Sobrante (so-bran-t&y). Rich; wealthy; surplus; overflow- 

Socorro (so-co-ro). Succor; relief. 

Soledad (so -lay -dad). Solitude; lonesomeness. 

Solana (so-lah-n&). Sunny place; sunshine. 

Tamalpais (tam-ahl-pa/i-ees). The country of tamales. 

Temecula (tay-mec-oo-lah). 

Tiburon (tee-boo-ro7ie). A shark. 

Tiajuana (te-a wha n&). One word. Tia Juana ; Aunt Jane. 

Timpas (teem-pahs). 

Trinidad (tre-ne-dad). The Trinity. 

Tulare (tu-Zar-a). A place of rushes. 

Vacaville (va/i-cah). Vaca, a cow, Cowville. 

Vallejo (v&l- lay -ho), A little valley. 

Vara (t>ar-ah). Spanish yard measure; a wand, a switch. 

Yosemite (yo-sem-e-tay). Said to mean a large grizzly bear. 

Ysidora (ee-se-do-rah). Isadore; a woman's name. 



Itineraries for Tourists. 

• • • 

Pleasant Trips to Pleasant Places 

for Pleasure Seekers. 

• * * 

The following itineraries, which we are able to print through 
the courtesy of The Traveler, of San Francisco, will be of interest 
to the visitor to the Fair who desires to see and enjoy something 
outside of San Francisco. To avoid the possibility of misleading the 
reader, it is proper to state here, however, that the time schedule 
of the railroads, connecting with the various places named, is 
liable to change any day. To insure certainty, therefore, the 
tourist contemplating visiting either of the places named ought 
to consult the latest railroad time card. The main value of the 
time card, here inserted, is to show how much time is really 
covered in either of these itineraries. 

A SLEIGH-RIDE AND A SKATE IN CALIFORNIA 

Leave San Francisco 5 :00 p. m. Saturday 

Arrive Truckee 5:55 A. M. Sunday 

Breakfast at the Truckee Hotel at the depot. At Franzini Bros, stable 
you can secure a two-horse sleigh, and after a ride of two and a half miles 
arrive atDoiuer Lake about 8:00 a. m. Take your lunch with you. Here 
you can skate all day and have a good time generally. Returning, leave 
Donner Lake about dusk, enjoy a moonlight drive over the snow, dine at 
Truckee, and take the train at midnight, reaching San Francisco at 10:45 
a. m. Monday. 

Railroad fare (round trip) $15 00 

Pullman berth " " 3 00 

Sleigh ior four " " each person 100 

NAPA SOI>A SPRINGS 

Leave San Francisco 4:00 p. m. Saturday 

Arrive Napa 6:25 p. M. Saturday 

Arrive Napa Soda Springs 7:25 P. m. Saturday 

Leave Napa Soda Springs 6:30 a. m. Monday 

Arrive San Francisco 9:45 a. m. Monday 

The stage ride from Napa to the Springs (seven miles) is one of the 
most picturesque in the State. The Springs are 1,000 feet above the level of 
the valley. Sunday can be most pleasantly spent there, the natural mineral 
water direct from the bubbling spring being free to guests. 

Railroad fare (round trip) $2 00 

Stage fare " " 1 00 

PASO BOBIiEjS SPRINGS 

Leave San Francisco 8:15 \. m. Saturday 

Arrive Paso Kobles Spri ngs 4:19 P. M, Saturday 

Leave Paso Etobles Springs 10:18 a. m. Monday 

A i rive San Y\ ancisco 6:10 P. M. Monday 

There is no pleasanter day's ride out of San Francisco than this. The 
ocean is twice sighted, and a glimpse of two of California's proudest insti- 

98 



94 



ALL ABOUT THE 1IIDWIXTER FAIR 



tutions. viz.: Leland Stanford. Junior, University and the Lie k Ibseryatoiy, 

are to be had en route. 

Railroad tare (round trip) -$12 40 

DEL MONTE, SANTA CEUZ AND SAN JOSE 

Leave San Francisco 2:30 p. m. Saturday 

Arrive Hotel del Monte I If p. ::. Saturday 

Leave " 1:38 p. m. Sunday 

Arrive Santa Croa (Sea Beach Hotel . ..3:40 P. :•: Son 

Leave •• 2:00 p. m. Monday 




south or sax franc:-:: re :::n^-R^y 



Arrive San Jose (Hotel Yendome) 4:10 p. x. Mon lay 

Ve " •• ... rAO A. v 

Arrive San Francisco 1D:S0 a. x. roe* 

from San Francisec t: lei Monte and Del Monte : Santa Cruz you 
take the i : ■ i-eauge route from Santa Cruz to San Fran as : : . the nan - 
gattee route through the Santa Cruz Mountains. At Del Monte you will 
have amide time to~see the beautiful grounds and take the famous eighteen- 
mile irive. At the Sea Beach Hotel Saa a Cruz, you are constantly in view of 



ITINERARIES FOR TOURISTS 95 

the ocean and the bathing grounds. From here a beautiful ride may be taken 
to the Big Trees, only seven miles distant. From the Hotel Vendome, San Jose, 
you can take interesting drives to the New Almaden Mines, twelve miles, 
Santa Clara, three-and-a-half miles, or Alum Rock Springs, seven miles. A 
stay of one day longer at San Jose will give you an opportunity to make 
the trip to the Lick Observatory at Mount Hamilton, twenty-seven miles 
from San Jose, leaving the latter point at 7:30 a. m., and returning to 
San Jose about 6:00 p. m. Round-trip rate from San Jose, $4.00. 

Round-trip railroad ticket from San Francisco, good for six months, 
and including the above itinerary, $7.30. 



PARAISO SPRINGS 

Leave San Francisco 8 :15 a. m. Saturday 

Arrive Soledad 1:43 p. M. Saturday 

Arrive Paraiso 2 :45 p. m. Saturday 

Leave " 11:45 a. m. Monday 

Arrive San Francisco 6 :10 p.m. Monday 

Paraiso has an altitude of 1,400 feet above the sea-level, and is both a 
summer and winter resort. Here you can enjoy a delightful plunge bath, 
and partake of the iron, soda or sulphur springs. The beauty of its sur- 
roundings, and the character of its several springs, have justly earned for 
Paraiso the title of " Carlsbad of America." 

Round-trip fare to the Springs ■ $9 00 



BYRON HOT SPRINGS 

Leave San Francisco 9:00 a. m. Saturday 

Arrive Byron Springs 12:15 p. m. Saturday 

Leave Byron Springs 9:00 a. m. Monday 

Arrive San Francisco 12:15 p. m. Monday 

This trip is most pleasant, and includes a short carriage drive of two 
miles from Byron Station to the Springs without charge. Byron Springs is 
essentially a place of rest and recuperation, and is famous for the remark- 
able curative properties of its waters and baths. 

Fare, one way $1 90 

Round trip, Friday to Monday $3 00 



THE GEYSERS 

Leave San Francisco (S. F. & N. P. Ry.) 7:40 a. m. Saturday 

Arrive Cloverdale 11:30 a. m. Saturday 

Arrive Geysers 3:30 p. m. Saturday 

L^ave Geysers 9:00 a. m. Monday 

Arrive Cloverdale 2:00 p. m. Monday 

Arrive San Francisco 6:10 p. m. Monday 

Round-trip tickets (unlimited), $8.50. This includes stage, sixteen 
miles. Both the baths and guide through Geyser Canon are free to guests. 
Round-trip rail and stage ticket, including one week's board at the Geysers, 
$23.50. 

The Geysers may be also reached via Calistoga, from which point the 
stage ride is twenty-six miles, and the arriving time two hours later. Fare 
is the same. Round-trip ticket, goingby one route and returning by another, 
$11.50. 

YOSEMITE VALLEY 

Leave San Francisco 4:00 P. M. Saturday 

Arrive Raymond 5:50 a. m. Sunday 

Leave " (Stage) ('>::>() \. m. Sunday 

Arrive Wawona 6:00 P. m. Sunday 

Leave " 7:00 a. m. Monday 

Arrive Yosemite Mmn Monday 

Leave " 6:00 v. m. Tuesday 

Arrive San Francisco 9:45 v. m. Thursday 

Pullman sleeper between San Francisco and Raymond, $1.50 per berth. 

The above itinerary and rate includes side trip to the Calaveras Hi.u Trees. 
San Francisco to Yosemite and return $50.00 




NORTH OF SAN FRANCISCO TO URIAH 

( San Francisco and North Pacific Railroad Route ) 



ITINERARIES FOR TOURISTS 



CAZADERO 

Leave San Francisco 1:45 p. m. Saturday 

Arrive Cazadero 7 :00 p. m Saturday 

Leave " : ; 5:00 a. m. Monday 

Arrive San Francisco 10 :25 a. m. Monday 

At Cazadero you can enjoy a hunt, fish, swim or ride through the Red- 
woods. The ride by rail on the North Pacific Coast is one of the most pic- 
turesque in California. 

Round trip from San Francisco $5.00 



PICTURESQUE RUSSIAN RIVER VALLEY 

The resident of San Francisco, to enjoy good health, requires an occa- 
sional outing. The winds and fogs of this city are chilling. JSo matter 
where a person lives, a change is desirable, and the citizens of this State have 
a boom in our glorious and varied climate. A few hours' ride in any part 
of the State affords relief, but no portion possesses this advantage to so great 
an extent as San Francisco. Within one hour's ride our people can experi- 
ence a complete change of climate on the San Francisco & North Pacific 
Railway. At a distance of fifteen miles you reach San Rafael, with its 
delightful climate and beautiful residences. There is no more inviting spot 
in California. It is about five hours' ride through the Marin, Sonoma and 
Sanel valleys to the terminus of the road at Ukiah. Beautiful towns like 
Petaluma, Santa Rosa and Healdsburg greet the eye, whilst the country en 
route, under a high state of cultivation, blooms like a garden. On either side 
rise the foothills, and beyond, the mountains. Branches take you to Sono- 
ma and Glen Ellen and Sebastopol, nestling in the Sonoma and Russian 
River valleys, and Guerneville, the home of the redwoods. For picturesque- 
ness the ride along the Russian River, from Cloverdale to Ukiah, cannot be 
excelled. At our very doors we have all that is beautiful in nature and 
lovely in climate. The management of the road is liberal, and affords an 
opportunity to all, rich and poor, to seek ihat change so desirable. Three- 
day excursions tickets are sold at greatly reduced rates, and on Sunday half 
rates govern to all points. J f you have time, take a rod or a gun for the finest 
fishing and hunting in the State. A hundred streams alive with trout and 
other fish are tributary to the San Francisco & North Pacific Railway. 

A postal to Mr. J. P. Kirkpatrick, Manager Palace Hotel, San Francisco, 
will bring you, without charge, a new and elaborate souvenir. An ivory 
cover, with parchment and plate paper within, beautifully illustrated, 
forms an elgant album that is well worth the asking. 




d. 



of the 
CALIFORNIA MIDWINTER 
INTERNATIONAL 

EXPOSITION 



V/a 'C/9i/rox/v/4 t s/icftrfAit/vro, 



AMf.OE YOUNG 
DIRECTOR GENERAL 



t8B* 




Note— Buildings whose space did not allow writing a distinct name are 
marked with figures, and appear below. 



1.— Administration Building. 
2.— Restaurants. 
3.— Chocolate Restaurants. 
4.— Firth Wheel. 



5.— Santa Barbara Amphibia. 
6. — Mirror Maze. 
7.— Riding Gallery. 
8.— Colorado Gold Mine. 




9.— Monterey Exhibit. 
10.— Moorish Exhibit. 
11.— Tomale Village. 
12.— Arizona Museum. 
18. — Canada. 
14.— Dante's Inferno. 
15.— Waille Houses. 



16.— Taber's Photograph Stand. 
17.— Oybter Cocktail House. 
18.— Haunted Swing. 
19. — Aquarium. 

20. — Boone'S Wild Animals. 
21.— Old Paris. 



99 



Amusements — Places of 

* * • 

San Francisco 

• • • 

Performances at the Theaters commence 8 p. M. and 2 P.M.; 
the latter being for matinees. 



Alcazar Theater, 116 O'Farrell, Vaudeville, 25c, 50c. 
Baldwin Theater, 932 Market. 

Every Evening except Sunday; Matinee Saturday. 

Regular Prices, 25, 35, 50, 75c, $1.00 and $1.50. 

Matinee " $1.00, 75, 50 and 25c. 
Bay District Race-Track, east side 5th Ave. bet. A and D. 
Bella Union Theateb, 805 Kearny, variety, 25c and 50c. 
Bush Street Theater, 325 Bush, 25, 50, 75c and $1.00. 
California Theater, north side Bush bet. Kearny and Dupont. 

Every evening including Sunday; Matinee Saturday. 

Regular Prices, 25, 50, 75c and $1.00. 

Matinee " 25, 50 and 75c. 
Central Park, S. E. corner Market and Eighth, athletic grounds. 
Chinese Theater, 626 Jackson. 

(Grand) , 814 Washington . 
11 (New), 623 Jackson. 

" (Royal), 836 Washington. 

Eden Musee, 729 Market. 

Golden Gate Hall, south side Sutter bet. Taylor and Jones, concert. 
Grand Opera House, Mission bet. Third and Fourth, 10, 15, 25 and 50c. 
Grove Street Theater, north side Grove bet. Polk and Van Ness Ave., 

10, 20 and 30c. 
Mechanics' Pavilion, cor. Larkin and Grove. 

Metropolitan Temple, east side Fifth bet. Market and Mission, concert. 
Midwinter Fair, Golden Gate Park, 50c. 

Morrosco's Theater, south side Howard bet. Third and Fourth, 10, 20 and 30c. 
National Theater, cor. Eddy and Jones, 10, 20 and 30c. 
Orpheum, south side O'Farrell bet. Stockton and Powell, Vaudeville, 10, 

25 and 50c. 
Standard Theater, Bush bet. Montgomery and Kearny, 25, 50 and 75c. 
Stockwell's Theater, Powell, 25, 50, 75c and $1.00. 
Tivoli Opera House, Eddy near Market, 25 and 50c. 

Wigwam Theater, S. E. cor. Stockton and Geary, Vaudeville, 10, 25 and 35c. 

100 







PHOTOGRAPHIC CO. 

F) i Pi Between Kearny and Grant Avenue 

12 1 1 OSl uI. SAN FRANCISCO 



OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHER 

California jniflwinter International Exposition, 1894 

Studio on Central Court, Exposition Grounds 

Bet. the Administration and Mechanical Arts Buildings 



The Studio at 121 Poet St. is the largest and best equipped Photo- 
graphic Gallery on the American Continent. The 
latest improved appliances for producing the finest 
work by the instantaneous process. 

The only Gallery in the world making the Celebrated Iridium 
Photographs (or Photographs in colors), and at 
prices nearly as cheap as the ordinary Photograph. 
The perfection of these pictures is simply marvelous. 
The visitor is amply repaid by calling and inspecting 
this beautiful work. Pictures enlarged in crayon, 
India ink and water colors at moderate prices. 

HEADQUARTERS PACIFIC COAST VIEWS 



101 



Jn5urance tbat insures 

^be jfbrovibent Savings 
%/ifc Insurance Society 

©f mew J^orfe 

Cash Capital . . $100,000 

SHBPPARD HOMANS - - - President and Actuary 
WM, B. STEVENS - - - - - - Secretary 

CHARLES E. WILLARD - - - Manager of Agencies 

The PROVIDENT SAVINGS wrote during the 
year 1893, in California, a larger business than any 
other Agency except the " Three Giants." 

Elian & pcatt, Managers for pacific Coast 

405 /IDOntgOmetS St., Cor. California 

San jfranctsco, Cal- 



DR. LORYEA'S 

4{ammamTBaths 

For I^adies and Crentlemen 

21Z Post street 

Bet. Grant Avenue and Stockton San Francisco 

The Finest Turkish, Russian, Electric and Medi- 
cated Baths in this City. 

SINGLE BATHS, $1 .00 SIX TICKETS FOR $5.00 

Open for gentlemen, day and night, Sundays in- 
cluded. Open for ladies from 8 a. m. to 6 p. m. 
Newly renovated throughout. Bath including room, 
all night, for gentlemen, $1.00. 



102 



USE KLINKNER'S PATENT 

Ujiirelka ?? Self-fl^I^g Stamgp Pad 



ALL COLORS NEVER NEEDS INKING 

mHB FOR CATALO€Ue AW© PJPOCH LJST 




The Largest and Most Complete Assortment of Stamps and Stencils on the Coast 

USE KLINKNER'S PATENT CABINET FOR 

Lii)ei) ^arfwg ai^d Card Fni^tfl^g 

PRICE, $1.50 



CHAS. EIBACH 
976 CHESTER STREET, OAKLAND 



HENRY KERN 
11 LOCUST STREET 



JU4TVV Of (sWGCOfl/ 



interior*Degorators 



FRESCOING, PAPER HANGING 
FREE HAND RELIEF 



ROOM 105 



COR. TAYLOR AND MARKET STS. 

»AW PRANCISC©, CAL. 

L08 



San cFzanchco 



School o$ SSoouUon 

tyoice cBuiidina and $)zamatic 

Sxpvcooion 

tyfoin Slttznkicn is caCCzd to tfw fofflowina Souzsc ci dnsfoucUon 

DISTINCT ARTICULATION 

VOICE BUILDING 

FACIAL and PANTOMIMIC EXPRESSION 

RECITATION and READING 

ELOCUTION and ORATORY 

LEO COOPER 

Saiatoaa Matt y 814 ©eazu Sheet 

San cFzanchco 



C. W. R. FORD & CO., 522 Harket St. San Francisco 

GUTTER'S 

SllrS 



1E8T 



104 



Wonder ! 



Wonder! 



novelties in_ 



Millinery 



AT THE WONDER 



1024, 1026, 1028 Market Street 



FEATHERS 

FLOWERS 
HATS 

NEW 

VELVETS 

LACES 

RIBBONS 

Etc. 



IvARGE STOCK I,OW PRICKS 

Branch^^- 

999 Market St., cor. sixth st. 

SAN FRANCISCO 
Branch Stores in OAKLAND and SAN JOSE 



LARGEST EXCLUSIVELY MI^INERY 
ESTABLISHMENT in the UNITED STATES 



105 



" If 'you don't take the DAIL Y REPORT 
you don't get the news." 

50 CENTS A MONTH 

THE 

J^ailt Report 

The Teople's Taper 

Is fearless and independent, and stands first among the evening newspapers 
of the country. It is by all odds 



THE BEST ADVERTISING 

MEDIUM IN SAN FRANCISCO 

And if your " add" is not in it you are making the biggest business mis- 
take of your life. 

THE DAIL Y REPORT HAS 

THE LARGEST CIRCULATION 

of any paper in San Francisco 

Your business languishes because you advertise in dead newspapers that are 
read by people who are dead and don't know it. The newspaper for you is the 

DAILT REPORT 

A LIVE NEWSPAPER 
READ BY LIVE PEOPLE 

Business Office 

238 Montgomery Street 

Branch Office 

730 Market Street 






106 



ARE YOU NEAT? 



SAVE TEMPER 

TIME and TROUBLE 





DAYTON'S PATENT 
BULLS EYE 

PEN EXTRACTOR 

One Thrust and out comes the Pen 



EXTRACTING PEN 



It is self-acting, extracting and releasing 
the pen from the holder instantly 

WITHOUT SOILING THE FINGERS 

Assorted Styles 

Bright Nickel 

Dull Silver 

Old Bronze 



Mailed on receipt of 
price 



25 Gts. Each 




Special Prices to the Trade 

Patented and Patents Pending 

PHELPS & DAYTON 

15 Drumm St. San Francisco 



RELEASING PEN 



At the Fair— Manufacturers and Liberal Arts Building 
Northeast Corner Gallery 



J. DOHGRTY: 



Practical J^ltin^ber 

Gas ai^d ^tcaii^ fitter 

345 KEARNY STREET 

Corner Pine SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. 

Particular Attention raid I o Jobbing of All Kindi 
ah Work done at the Lowest Ratea and Warranted 



107 



TELEPHONE 3040 



J. SPAULDING & CO. 



• • Pacific . . . . 
• Cleaning • • 

• • and Dyeing • • 



• • • 



Particular Attention Paid to Ladies' 
and Gents' Clothing 

Pioneer Stearr? Carpet Beating A\&cbii7e? 

Sewing and Relaying of Carpets a 
Specialty 

353-357 TEHAMA ST., SAN FRANCISCO 



108 




A FAIR JUDGE 

Is not always reliable—the best way is to buy from a firm who sells 
honest goods at fair prices— We can fit you to any possible style of Boot or 
Shoe, as we are direct importers of fine goods, but the anatomical and pedeor 
logical qualities of the 

DESCAI,SO #3.00 FOOT FORM SHOE 

Is correct. A glance at the Shoe will convince you that we are 
Headquarters for the best in our line. 

DESCHLSO BROTHERS 
28 KEHRNY STREET |3, $4 and ?5 Foot Form Shoes 



K03DAK 



©>©v'©I@p©dU Fffimt©di aadi K©fiM©dl at ®©a§)©aafel© Safes 

HEHDQURRTERS for VISITORS to ttje FRIR 

Free Dark Rooms, Free Information. Travelers' Orders attended 
to without delay. 



ONB BltOCK. 



FROM THE 

Fala€©j Graffiti, Mck:,, Occidental 
and California Hotels 



R. J. Waters 

COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHER 



110 S UTTER 



STREET 



SAN FRANCISCO 



109 



THE. 



Evening Bulletin 

( Established. 1856) 

Is the leading evening paper of San Francisco, the 
recognized authority among bankers, merchants and the entire 
business community, and reaches the firesides of the best circles, 
being an irreproachable family journal. It always 

CONTAINS 

A complete record of all the happenings of 24 hours 
throughout the entire world and a record you can rely upon. The 
Bulletin's specialty is not fiction nor sensation. Its specialty is 
to print 

ALL THE NEWS 

See the Bulletin and learn how to get $3.00 worth 
of "PICTURESQUE CALIFORNIA" fortencents. 

Business Office 

622 Montgomery Street 



no 



^\hSo Ryder. 



126 K.&%my 5>to 3^n Fira^eise^ 

ROOM 48 



MICHELS, WflND S CO. 

Enqporiilnq 

FOR 

TRI7V£7VUNCS # LHCES 

Tl|e Latest Europear\ Novelties 
ir\ Gloves ar\d Yeilir\gs cor\star\tly or\ Y\ar\d 

..o<£o- 
MICHELS, WAND <£ CO. 

26 Kearny St, san francisco 



THIS SPACE RESERVED FOR THE 

Union Photo-Engraving Go. 

581 MISSION STREET, S. F. 

Who will soon move into new and larger quarters. 
The largest and best equipped house west of Chicago for 
Half Tone work. 



44 THE TRAVELER'S" 

Bureau of lof orn^tioi) 

Located at 602 Market Street, in the State Board of Trade 
Eooms, keeps on file, for free distribution, printed matter, sou- 
venirs, etc., of all the Hotels and Resorts in the State. 

It is their business to furnish WITHOUT CHARGE, reli- 
able information about any Resort, Hotel, Railway or Steamship 
Line in America, and you are cordially invited to call upon them 
at any and all times. 

YOU WILL- FIND THERE 

Also, tbe Office of 




" The most beautiful Journal in the United States.'' It is 
published monthly, and is profuse in handsome illustrations of 
California scenery. No Visitor to the Fair should fail to sub- 
scribe for it, and it costs only 

$ I .00 A YEAR 

JOHNSTONE & BRYAN, Publishers 

602 A\arK*t St. 5&0 Fr&ocisco, Cal. 



W. W. MONTAGUE & CO. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

RIVETED STEEL 



w I F? O ISI ^ 

f»ip£ 



For Hydraulic Mining, Irrigating, Power Plants, Town 
and Farm Supply 

Make a Specialty o f COATING PIPE with EUREKA 
Composition 




SEXD FOR CATALOGUES 



309, 311, 313, 315 and 317 

MARKET STREET, SAN FRANCISCO 
€76 



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